Icandelo le amandla omoya I-United States ifumana ixesha lenguqu engazange ibonwe ngaphambili, kwihlabathi jikelele nalapha ekhaya. Ngaphandle kwemiceli mngeni emininzi yezoqoqosho kunye nolungiselelo oluthe lwafunyanwa kule minyaka yakutsha nje, u-2024 ubone irekhodi ephezulu kufakelo lwamandla omoya amatsha, ukuqinisa isikhundla saseTshayina njengomdlali ophambili kurhwebo kunye nokukhawulezisa inguqu ukuya kwiimodeli ezizinzileyo eYurophu naseSpain. Iingxelo ezintsha zamazwe ngamazwe kunye namanyathelo esizwe abonisa indlela amandla omoya aqhubeka ngayo ukophula iirekhodi, kodwa ikwaqaqambisa imfuneko Ukusombulula imiqobo yolawulo, yezentlalo, kunye nezobugcisa ezichaphazela uphuhliso olupheleleyo lwecandelo.
Kulo mxholo wokukhula okuzinzileyo, iSpain kunye nemimandla yayo ikhawulezisa ukuphunyezwa kweepaki ezintsha, ukuphuculwa kweteknoloji yamaziko amisiweyo, kunye neeprojekthi ezisekelwe kwintsebenziswano yoluntu-yabucala kunye nokuhlanganiswa kokusingqongileyo. Konke oku ngeliso elijonge kwikamva apho i umoya ngundoqo ekupheliseni icarbon, uphuhliso lwamaphandle kunye nokudala imisebenzi emitsha.
Ibhalansi yamazwe ngamazwe: I-China, iYurophu kunye nokuqhubekela phambili okungenakuthintelwa kwamandla omoya
IBhunga leGlobal Wind Energy (GWEC) ibhalise ukufakwa kwezinye Iimegawathi ezingamawaka amabini kwamandla omoya amatsha ngo-2024 kwihlabathi jikelele, olona lwando lukhulu lonyaka olwaziwayo. Kuluhlu lwabavelisi bee-injini yomoya, ukongamela kwe-Asiya koyikeka, kukho iinkampani ezine zaseTshayina ezikwizikhundla eziphezulu: i-Goldwind, i-Envision, i-Mingyang ne-Windey. Emva kwabo kukho iiklasikhi zaseYurophu ezifana neVestas, Nordex kunye neSiemens Gamesa, ezigcina impembelelo yazo kwiimarike zelizwekazi, apho Isabelo somthengisi wasekhaya ngaphaya kwe-90%.
iTshayina ayikhokeli kuphela imveliso, kodwa kunye nokusetyenziswa, phantse I-80 GW iifama zomoya ezidityaniswe yi-2024, ibeka kakuhle ngaphambi kwe-United States okanye iJamani. Obu bunkokeli bubangelwa yimarike yasekhaya eyomeleleyo kunye nenkqubela phambili yenkqubela phambili yeenkampani zaseTshayina, nangona iYurophu ihlala iyinqaba ekhuselweyo kubavelisi baseNtshona. Intsingiselo yehlabathi ibonisa ukuba umoya Ayigcini nje ngokuqhubeka nokuphula iirekhodi zayo, kodwa ijongene nemingeni ebalulekileyo: ukugcina imida yenzuzo, imiqobo yokulawula, kunye nesidingo esiphuthumayo sentsebenziswano engcono phakathi kweshishini kunye noorhulumente.
Iifama zomoya omtsha kunye nokunika amandla kwakhona eSpain: ukusungulwa kweteknoloji kunye nophuhliso lwengingqi
ISpain idibanisa indawo yayo kwimephu yaseYurophu umoya nge iiprojekthi zolwakhiwo olutsha kunye nezanamhlanjeIfama yomoya yaseLabraza kwiLizwe laseBasque iya kuba yeyokuqala ukuza kwi-intanethi kummandla ukususela ngo-2006, idibanisa utyalo-mali lwabucala kunye noluntu oluphezulu oluvela kwi-Siemens Gamesa. Ixhotyiswe nge-40 MW kunye nee-injini zomoya ezisibhozo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, iyakwandisa amandla omoya afakiweyo ngama-26% kuluntu kwaye uya kuvelisa umbane ohlaziyekayo kumakhaya angama-30.000, ukuphepha iitoni ze-16.300 ze-CO2 ngonyaka.
Le projekthi, ekhuthazwa yinkampani i-Aixeindar (eyeye-Iberdrola kunye ne-Basque Energy Agency), ivelele ngenxa yayo. isiphumo setrektara kushishino lwasekhaya, ukudalwa kwemisebenzi ngokuthe ngqo, kunye nezindululo zentlalo ezijolise ekuncedeni abemi boomasipala abachaphazelekayo. Ikwabandakanya amanyathelo okusingqongileyo amatsha njengezixhobo zokukhusela iintaka kunye nokubuyiselwa kokusingqongileyo, ngenjongo yokwenza isizukulwana esihlaziyekayo sihambelane nolondolozo lwendalo.
EGalicia, i ukunika amandla Ukutshintshwa kweeinjini zomoya ezindala kunye neeyunithi zangoku, ezinamandla, ezifana neMalpica okanye iifama zomoya zeNaturgy eMonte Redondo, Novo, naseSomozas, ziya kubangela ukutshintshwa kwamakhulu eeinjini zomoya ezindala. Oku kuya kuvumela ukuba ukwandisa imveliso, ukunciphisa impembelelo yokubona kunye nokusingqongileyo, kunye nokugcina ukuhlalisana noluntu lwasemaphandleni. I-Naturgy kunye ne-Statkraft ikhokela le migudu, ixhamla kwiimali zaseYurophu kunye nokusebenzisana noorhulumente beengingqi ukukhuthaza ukuzinza kunye nophuhliso lwendawo.
Imingeni ekhawulezileyo kunye neethenda: imeko yaseJamani kunye nohlengahlengiso lwaseSpain
Umxholo waseYurophu ubonisa a ukukhula ngamandla ekunikezelweni kwamandla amatsha omoyaEJamani, ithenda yesibini engaselunxwemeni ka-2025 iphinde yagqitha imfuno, nge-3.447 MW enikezelweyo kunye nezicelo ezigqithise unikezelo olukhoyo ngaphezulu kwe-44%. Lo mkhwa wokunyuka uchazwa yi ukuthomalalisa ulawulo kunye neenjongo ezicacileyo zokwandisa indawo ezinikele kwizinto ezihlaziyiweyo, nangona imfuneko yokulungiselela iigridi zombane ukufunxa ukutsiba okulindelekileyo kwimveliso eqala ngo-2026 igxininiswe.
E-Spain, i ukwandiswa kunye nokuphuculwa kwamaxesha Amandla omoya ajongene nemingeni yokulawula kunye nesidingo sokuqinisekisa ukuqiniseka ngokusemthethweni ukutsala abatyali-mali kunye nokufezekisa iinjongo zemozulu ezibekwe yi-EU. I-Xunta de Galicia kunye noRhulumente waseGalicia baye bagxeka ukungabikho kokulawula ukulawulwa ngurhulumente ophakathi kwaye bafuna amanyathelo okulungisa. ukwenza lula iinkqubo, qinisekisa umdla woluntu yokuhlaziya kunye nokuhlanganisa isakhelo esizinzileyo esixhasa uphuhliso olulinganayo lwecandelo.
Amandla omoya olwandle kunye nentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe: amathuba e-Iberian Peninsula
Ukuqhubela phambili kwe umoya odada elunxwemeni ivula amathuba amatsha emizi-mveliso eSpain nasePortugal, nangona ukungaqiniseki kuthe gqolo kwizicwangciso-nkqubo zebhidi kunye nokungabikho kweekontraka ezikhethekileyo kunye neenqanawa. Uphononongo lwakutsha nje olwenziwa yinkampani yokubonisana i-AFRY igxininisa ukubaluleka kokucacisa imithetho yomdlalo kunye nokuguqula amachweba abe zii-hubs zokuvelisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle kwamacandelo e-offshore. Iinkokeli zoshishino kunye namaziko ayavumelana ukuba a isicwangciso esiselubala kunye imodeli yentsebenziswano njengaleyo yaseNetherlands inokwenza umahluko kwi-peninsula ibe yi-benchmark yaseYurophu kobu buchwepheshe.
ESpain, ngaphezu I-30 GW Iiprojekthi ezingaselunxwemeni zicwangcisiwe, ngelixa iPortugal ilungiselela ifandesi yayo yokuqala enkulu. Ukudityaniswa kweenkonzo zamazwe ngamazwe kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kukawonke-wonke-namashishini abucala zivela njengezona nkalo zingundoqo ukuze ummandla uthathe ithuba lokukhula kwehlabathi kumandla omoya olwandle.
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwezentlalo, ukudityaniswa kokusingqongileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okutsha kwezolimo
La ukwamkelwa kwentlalo kunye nokudityaniswa kwamandla omoya kunye nokusingqongileyo kungundoqo kwimpumelelo yeeprojekthi ezintsha. Amanyathelo anjengenkqubo ye-Biowind yaseYurophu, ngokuthatha inxaxheba koMmandla we-Murcia, akhuthaza ucwangciso lokuthatha inxaxheba kunye nokuziqhelanisa neentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, ukukhuthaza ukugcinwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo evunyiweyo evunyiweyo. Intsebenziswano phakathi koorhulumente beengingqi kunye namaqumrhu ezenzululwazi inegalelo ngakumbi ilungile kwaye iyasebenza, apho ulondolozo lwendalo kunye nenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe ihamba kunye.
Ukukhankanywa okukhethekileyo kufuneka kwenziwe ngeLanzarote, apho amandla omoya asetyenziselwa ukunika amandla iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela kwezolimo ezisekelwe ekukhutshweni kwetyuwa kunye nokuzenzekelayo. Ezi zisombululo, nazo zixhaphakile kwezinye iiCanary Islands, ziyimizekelo ephilayo yendlela inguqulelo kwizinto ezihlaziyiweyo Inokuguqula amacandelo emveli kwaye isebenze njengebhubhoratri yekamva lezolimo kunye nolawulo lwamanzi kwiindawo ezisengozini.
La amandla omoya eSpain naseYurophu Ilizwe lijongene ne-2025 kunye nomxube wenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe, imingeni yolawulo, kunye nokuzinikela okukhulayo ekudityanisweni kwentlalo kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukusuka kwiifama zomoya ezintsha kunye nokunika amandla ukuya kumoya ongaselunxwemeni kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezolimo, icandelo lizimisa njengomnye wabaqhubi abaphambili benguqu yokwenyani ye-ikholoji, ekwaziyo ukuvelisa imisebenzi, ukukhusela okusingqongileyo, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukubonelelwa kombane kwimeko yenguqu ekhawulezileyo yehlabathi.
