La i-pollen e-Spain Sele iyinto ehlala ihleli qho entlakohlaza. Nyaka ngamnye, izigidi zabantu ziphawula indlela ethimla, ukurhawuzelelwa kwamehlo, nokuxinana kweempumlo, phantse bengaqondanga njengoko iintsuku zisiya zisiba nde nemozulu iphucuka. Nangona kubonakala ngathi "nje" ukucaphuka kwamaxesha onyaka, sithetha ngengxaki yezempilo echaphazela umgangatho wobomi, imveliso, kunye nexesha lokuphumla kwabo babandezelekileyo.
Kwilizwe lethu, Bangaphezu kwezigidi ezisibhozo abantu abafumana i-pollen allergy.kwaye malunga nezigidi ezisixhenxe aleji kwingcaEli nani likwabandakanya abo basabela kwimithi yomnquma, i-Arizona cypress, imithi yendiza, i-pellitory, okanye ukhula olufana ne-salsola kunye ne-chenopodium. Ukuba uyazi ukuba yeyiphi i-pollens exhaphakileyo kwindawo yakho, apho iinyanga zifikelela kumanqanaba aphezulu, kunye nendlela abaziphatha ngayo ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu, unokulindela kwaye unciphise kakhulu iimpawu.
Iintlobo eziphambili ze-pollen ye-allergenic eSpain
ESpain, akukho pollen enye enoxanduva lweempawu, kodwa kunokuba a isethi yeentlobo zezityalo ezisasaza umungu unyaka wonke ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu kunye nommandla. Xa sithetha ngokubanzi, umungu womthi uxhaphakile ebusika, umungu wengca entlakohlaza, umungu ophuma kukhula olwahlukeneyo ehlotyeni nasekwindla.
I-pollen enokubangela i-rhinitis, conjunctivitis, kunye ne-asthma idla ngokuvela kwizityalo ze pollination anemophilicOko kukuthi, zikhuphela umungu wazo emoyeni ukuze zithwalwe ngumoya. Ngoko ke, akuzona iintyatyambo ezinkulu, ezibonisa i-pollinated yizinambuzane (entomophilous) ezihlala zibangela ukuphefumula kokuphefumula, kodwa kunoko kubonakala kungabonakali imithi, izihlahla kunye neengca ezisebenza kakuhle ekusasazeni i-pollen.
Ingca: Unobangela wokuqala wokungalungelani nezinto ezithile
Las ingca (usapho lwePoaceae) kude kakhulu umthombo oyintloko we-pollinosis eSpeyin. Babandakanya amawaka eentlobo, kodwa yintsapho encinci ye-Pooideae edibanisa uninzi lwesizukulwana esiyingxaki kakhulu kubantu abane-allergy, njenge. I-Phleum, Dactylis, Lolium o TrisetumIdla ngokuba lukhula olukhangeleka njengesiqhelo olukhula emacaleni eendlela, amasimi alinyiweyo, amaqashiso angenamntu kunye neendawo ezivulekileyo, nto leyo ethetha ukuba zikwindawo yonke.
Kwilizwe lethu, ingca zizo unobangela ophambili wehay fever kumbindi nakumantla eSpainIxesha leentyatyambo lide, ngokubanzi ukusuka ku-Epreli ukuya kuJulayi, nangona ukusabalalisa ngokuthe ngqo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo ngalunye kunye neemeko zemozulu. Kwimimandla efana neCastile neLeón, iCastile-La Mancha, i-Extremadura, kunye nombindi weLevante neAndalusia, ingca iyonke umthwalo pollen Ngentwasahlobo, inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nemvula phakathi kuka-Oktobha no-Matshi: ukuba ikwindla-ebusika iye yanetha, ixesha lonyaka lidla ngokugqithisileyo.
Kumnxeba "Green Spain" (i-Galician massif kunye nonxweme lwaseCantabrian) ubukho bengca buphezulu, kodwa i-pollen emoyeni iphakathi kancinci kuba iimvula ezihlala rhoqo ngeenyanga zeentyantyambo zihlamba umoya kwaye zinciphise, ngokuyinxenye, ukutyhileka.
Usapho lweOlive kunye neOleaceae
Usapho Uyayise Ibandakanya imithi emininzi kunye namatyholo, kodwa mithathu kuphela enempembelelo ebalulekileyo kumthwalo wepollen emoyeni: uthuthu (Fraxinus), umthi womnquma (I-Olea europaea) kunye ne-privet (ligustrumNganye inefestile yayo yomvumvuzelwano: uthuthu ludla ngokukhupha umungu ngoFebruwari-Matshi, kunye ne-privet malunga noJulayi.
El umnquma Ilona lungu elibaluleke kakhulu leli qela ngenxa yobuninzi bayo kunye nemvelo ye-allergenic. Ininzi kakhulu kwi indawo yeMediteraKokubini eSpeyin nakwamanye amazwe anjengeItali, iGrisi, iTürkiye, iPortugal, noSirayeli. Kwilizwe lethu, yi unobangela wesibini okhokelayo wokwaliwa umungu emva kweengca, kunye nokubaluleka okukhethekileyo e-Andalusia nakwezinye iindawo zaseCastilla-La Mancha.
I-Jaén yimeko yeparadigmatic: malunga ne-62% yendawo yayo engaphezulu inikezelwe ekulinyweni komnquma, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga I-95% yabantu abane-allergies Abantu beli phondo babonakalisa ubuntununtunu kulo mungu. Izinga eliphezulu lokuba novakalelo likwarekhodwa eCórdoba, eSeville, eMálaga, eGranada, eCiudad Real, naseToledo, apho imithi yomnquma iyinxalenye yemimandla yezolimo neyedolophu.
I-Parietaria kunye nezinye iinettles
Ngaphakathi Urticaceae Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yi-pellitory, ukhula olune-allergenic kakhulu oluxhaphakileyo kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nakwimimandla ekufutshane nedolophu, ngakumbi kwiindonga, iingcingo, iindawo ezingenanto, kunye namabhodlo. Eyona ntlobo ifanelekileyo kumanxweme ethu eMeditera Iparietaria yamaYudaevelisa izixa ezikhulu zomungu okwaziyo ukuhlala kwindawo engqongileyo kangangeenyanga ezininzi.
I-pellitory ine-a ixesha elide kakhulu lomvumvuzelwanoOku kwenzeka malunga noFebruwari ukuya kuNovemba. Oku kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zinokuvela kumaxesha amaninzi onyaka, okukhokelela kwi-rhinitis okanye i-asthma enokuthi iphoswe njengeemeko ezingapheliyo, ezingadibaniyo. Ngaphaya koko, uvakalelo kule pollen luhlala lufunyaniswa kubantu abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30, nto leyo edidayo kwabo bangazange babe ne-allergies ngaphambili.
Amaphondo achaphazelekayo yi-pellitory yi-Barcelona, eMurcia naseValencia, apho phakathi I-25% ukuya kwi-50% yezigulane ezine-hay fever Bavavanya benayo le pollen. Kukwabalulekile nakumantla eSpain: e-A Coruña, ulwazelelelo luchazwe kwi-28% yabantu abaphononongwayo, ngelixa eBilbao ukuxhaphaka kukwi-4%.
Ezinye izityalo ezifanelekileyo: imithi ye-cypress, imithi yeplani, kunye nokhula
Las I-Arizona cypress, i-cypress kunye nemithi ye-thuja (usapho lweCupressaceae) luxhaphakile kwiipaki, kwiheji nakwigadi. I-pollination yabo igxile kakhulu ngoJanuwari nangoFebruwari, iinyanga apho abantu abaninzi baqala ukuqaphela iimpawu ngaphambi kokuba intwasahlobo ifike. Bajongene nenani elikhulu leemeko ze-rhinitis zasebusika zemvelaphi ye-allergies.
El umthi wendiza (IPlatanus hispanica)Lo mthi, usetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengendawo yokuhombisa yasezidolophini, ukhupha umungu omninzi ngexesha elifutshane kodwa elibukhali kakhulu, phakathi kuka Matshi noAprili. Ngenxa yokuba ifumaneka kwizitrato, izikwere, kunye neendawo zokuhlala, ukuvezwa ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuqhume: kwimiba yeentsuku, ukubalwa kwe-pollen kunokunyuka kwaye kubangele ukuqhambuka kweempawu.
Phakathi ukhulaNgaphandle kwe-pellitory, ezinye izityalo eziphawulekayo ziquka izityalo ezifana ne-artemisia kunye nezinye izityalo ezikhupha i-pollinate ukusuka ku-Epreli ukuya kuJulayi, kunye neentlobo ezifana I-Chenopodium y USalsola KaliEzi pollens zibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezithile ezifana ne-Elche, apho zixhaphake kakhulu kunezinye i-pollens. Ezi zityalo zikhula ngokwesiqhelo kumasimi ezolimo, ecaleni kwendlela, nakwiindawo ezivulekileyo, nto leyo ezenza zixhaphake kwiindawo ezikufutshane nedolophu nezisemaphandleni.
Ukusasazwa ngokwejografi kwemungu eSpain
Indibaniselwano yezityalo, imozulu, kunye nokusetyenziswa komhlaba kwenza Umthwalo we-pollen uyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindawoUkuhlala kunxweme lwaseCantabrian akufani nokuhlala emaphandleni aseAndalusi, kwaye akuhlali kwindawo enamagqabi yesixeko esikhulu ngokufanayo nokuhlala kwindawo yezityalo zomnquma okanye zecereal.
Kulo iziko lika peninsula (iMadrid, iCastilla-La Mancha, iCastilla y León, nenxalenye yeAragón) kuxhaphake ingca, imithi yomnquma, iiplaneti, nemisipres. Intwasa-hlobo apha idla ngokuba shushu ngakumbi kwabo banengxaki yengca, enencopho ecacileyo ngoMeyi nangoJuni.
Kulo Unxweme lwaseCantabrian, iNavarre kunye neLa Rioja I-pollen yengca idibanisa kunye ne-birch, i-plane tree kunye ne-pellitory. Okusingqongileyo okufumileyo kuthetha ukuba ugxininiso lunokutshintshatshintsha ngakumbi, kodwa xa iintsuku ezomileyo nezomoya zidibanayo, amanqanaba anokukhathaza kakhulu.
Kulo Unxweme lweMeditera E-Catalonia, i-Valencian Community, i-Balearic Islands, kunye ne-Murcia, kukho ubukho obuqinileyo be-pellitory, ingca, imithi yomnquma kunye nemithi yendiza. Kule mimandla, ixesha leempawu linokuhlala iinyanga ezininzi, ngakumbi kubantu abaziva beziva kwiintlobo ezininzi ngaxeshanye.
Kulo usingasiqithi osemazantsi (I-Extremadura ne-Andalusia) ilawulwa yimithi yomnquma, ingca kunye nemithi ye-plane. Ubukhulu bezityalo zomnquma kunye nezityalo eziziinkozo, kunye nemithombo eyandayo engaqhelekanga, kuthetha ukuba amaxesha onyaka achazwe njengephakathi, abukhali, okanye agqithise nguMbutho waseSpain weAllergology kunye neClinical Immunology (SEAIC) ahlala elindelwe.
Las IItary Islands Babonisa ipateni eyahlukileyo, kunye nengca, i-salsola, kunye ne-pellitory eyona ibalaseleyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisiqithi kunye neemeko zemozulu, kusenokubakho iminyaka enomungu omncinci wengca kunye nezinye apho amanani anyuka kakhulu, nangona uqikelelo lwamva nje lukhomba imithombo ethambileyo yolu hlobo lwepollen.
Indlela amanqanaba e-pollen kunye neendidi zobunzima ziqikelelwa ngayo
ESpain, i-SEAIC isebenza ne-Arhente yeMeteorological State (AEMET) kunye ne Inethiwekhi yoMqokeleli wePoleni zisasazwe kuwo wonke ummandla ukuze kuveliswe iingqikelelo zonyaka. Idatha ngeqondo lokushisa, imvula, ukufuma, kunye nokugxilwa kwe-pollen yembali kwisikhululo ngasinye kuthathelwa ingqalelo, kusetyenziswa iimodeli zeenkcukacha-manani eziphuhliswe ngokubambisana neYunivesithi yaseCastilla-La Mancha.
Ngolu lwazi, oku kulandelayo kusekwa: iindidi zokuqina entlakohlaza ngokusekwe kwitotali yenani leenkozo zengca ze-pollen nge-cubic meter (m³) eziqokelelwe ngexesha lonyaka:
- Intwasahlobo eMild: ngaphantsi kwe 4.000 iinkozo/m³.
- Intwasahlobo ephakathi: phakathi kwama-4.000 kunye nama-8.000 weenkozo/m³.
- Intwasahlobo Eshushu: malunga ne-8.000 kunye ne-12.000-15.000 yeenkozo/m³.
- Intwasahlobo eqine kakhulu okanye egqithisileyo: ngaphezulu kwe-15.000-16.000 iinkozo/m³.
Ezi ndidi zivumela idatha yobugcisa ukuba iguqulelwe into eluncedo kwizigulane: ukwazi ukuba bajongene "nokuthula", okuphakathi kobunzima okanye unyaka onokuba yingxaki kwaye lungisa amayeza kunye namanyathelo okuthintela ahambelanayo.
Uqikelelo oluqhelekileyo ngokwendawo kunye nokuguquguquka kwentwasahlobo
Uqikelelo lwamva nje lubonise ipateni eyaziwayo: kwi usingasiqithi osemazantsi Amanqanaba aphezulu e-pollen yengca ahlala elindelekile, enemithombo enokuba namandla okanye egqithisileyo kumaphondo afana neBadajoz, iCáceres, iSeville, neJaén. Kweminye iminyaka, incopho yokuya kuthi ga kwi-16.000–19.000 yeenkozo/m³ kuqikelelwe kwiindawo ezithile e-Extremadura.
Kulo iziko lika peninsula Kukho ukuguquguquka okukhulu: ezinye iindawo zineenkozo ezingaphantsi kwe-1.000/m³ (umzekelo, ezinye iindawo zaseTeruel, eZaragoza, okanye eHuesca) kwaye ezinye zinexabiso elingaphezulu kwe-5.000 yeenkozo/m³, njengeToledo okanye iCiudad Real. I-Madrid idla ngokuba kuluhlu oluphakathi ukuya phezulu, kunye nemithombo ehlelwe njengephakathi okanye ephakathi-ukuya-nzulu.
En UCastile noLeon Intlakohlaza ephakathi iqhelekile, nangona kungakho iminyaka enencopho ezibalulekileyo kumaphondo athile. Kwiindawo zaseCastilla-La Mancha (ezifana neGuadalajara kunye neAlbacete) nakwindawo enkulu yaseAragón, uqikelelo lwengca luhlala lubonisa amanqanaba okukhanya.
Kulo usingasiqithi osemantla (Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria, Basque Country) ngokubanzi balindele imithombo ethambileyo, enexabiso elijikeleze i-1.500-2.000 yeenkozo/m³ kwizixeko ezinjengeBilbao, iSan Sebastián, iA Coruña, iLugo, iPontevedra, i-Ourense, iSantander, kunye ne-Oviedo. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amakomkhulu angaphakathi njengeVitoria anokufumana imithombo enzulu.
Kulo Ulwandle lweMeditera (iCatalonia, iZiqithi zeBalearic, iValencian Community kunye neMurcia) uqikelelo lwengca luqhelekile kwimithombo ethambileyo, nangona isixa sezinye iipollens (umnquma, i-pellitory, umthi wenqwelomoya) unokwenza iimpawu zibe zinde kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kwabo baziva bevakele kwizinto ezininzi.
Ubude bexesha lokwaliwa kwe-pollen kunye nekhalenda yokudluliselwa kwepoleni
La ixesha lokwaliwa Ubuzaza bokwalana buyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi na i-pollens abanomdla kuyo. Umntu ongadibaniyo nengca usenokuba neempawu zokuqala ukusuka ku-Epreli ukuya kuJuni, ngelixa umntu ochasayo kwi-cypress, umthi wendiza, ingca, umnquma, kunye ne-pellitory unokuphatheka kakubi ukusuka ngoJanuwari ukuya ekwindla.
Ukwenza lula, i ikhalenda yomvuvumvuvu ESpain, idla ngokucwangciswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- NgoJanuwari-Februwari: Cupressaceae (iArizona cypress, cypress, thuja). Kwiidolophu ezininzi, ezi nyanga sele zizisa iingxaki ezinzulu nge-rhinitis kunye ne-conjunctivitis.
- Matshi-Aprili: Imithi yePlane, ukuqala kwengca kwezinye iindawo, imithi yepineyini (nangona i-pollen yabo ingaphantsi kwe-allergenic), kunye nokhula oluthile. Eli lixesha apho iimpawu zinokuvela ngesiquphe.
- Epreli-Julayi: ubuninzi bengca kunye nokhula olwahlukeneyo (kubandakanya i-artemisia), kunye nobudlelwane obucacileyo kunye ne-spring rhinitis kunye neengxaki ze-asthma.
- Meyi-Juni: Incopho yomungu womnquma, ngakumbi eAndalusia, eCastilla-La Mancha nakwezinye iindawo ezingaphakathi kunye nonxweme lweMeditera.
- Epreli-Agasti: I-Urticaceae (i-pelliforms kunye ne-nettle), eneempawu ezinokuthi ziqhube kwiindawo zonxweme lwaseMeditera iinyanga.
- Julayi-Septemba: Olunye ukhula olufana ne-chenopodium okanye i-salsola lubaluleke kakhulu kwimimandla ethile eyomileyo.
Uhlobo ngalunye lugcina a ipateni yeentyatyambo ezinzileyo unyaka nonyaka, kodwa isixa somungu okhutshwayo kunye nokungagungqi kwawo emoyeni kuphenjelelwa kakhulu yimozulu yexesha ngalinye lonyaka.
Impembelelo yemozulu, utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nongcoliseko
Iimeko zemozulu zangaphambi kwentwasahlobo zingundoqo ekuchazeni ixesha lonyaka we-pollen. Iminyaka enemvula yasekwindla kunye nobusika Ezi meko zikhuthaza ukukhula ngamandla kwengca kunye nokhula, okukhokelela kwimithombo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwepollen. Ukuba oku kudityaniswa namaqondo obushushu athambileyo kunye namaxesha atshintshanayo ezaqhwithi kunye nemozulu eyomileyo, umungu unokuhlala uxhonywe emoyeni ixesha elide.
El kutshintsha kwe mozulu Oku kutshintsha imbonakalo-mhlaba: ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunokwandisa amaxesha onyaka we-pollen kunye nokunyusa imveliso ye-pollen. Kuye kwaphawulwa ukuba ezinye iinkozo ze-pollen zinokuqulatha ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-allergenic, ukuqinisa impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba kubantu ababuthathaka kunye nokwandisa amathuba okukhula kwe-allergies entsha kubantu ngokubanzi.
La ungcoliseko lomoya Isebenza njengeamplifier yengxaki. Izinto ezingcolisayo ezifana ne-nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) okanye i-fine particulate matter (PM2.5) iphazamisa umqobo wokukhusela we-nasal mucosa, conjunctiva, kunye nesikhumba, iququzelele ukungena kwezilwanyana. Ngaphaya koko, amasuntswana athile aphuma ekutsha (umzekelo, kwiinjini zedizili) anokuthwala i-pollen antigens kumphezulu wawo, ebavumela ukuba bafikelele kwiindlela zomoya ezinzulu ngokulula ngakumbi kwaye babe negalelo kuhlaselo lwe-asthma.
Kwakhona kuyaziwa ukuba abanye iziqendu ezigqithisileyo (ezifana neendudumo ezinamandla) zinokuqhekeza iinkozo ze-pollen, zikhuphe amasuntswana amancinci anokukwazi ukufikelela kwi-bronchi ngaphakathi kwemiphunga. Kule mihla, amasebe kaxakeka ahlala ebona i-spikes kutyelelo olunxulumene ne-asthma, ngakumbi phakathi kwezigulane ezincinci ezinovakalelo oluphawulweyo kwi-pollen yengca.
Yintoni i-allergies kwaye i-hay fever yenzeke njani?
Ukwaliwa yi-a impendulo egqithisileyo ye-immune system ngokuchasene nezinto eziqhele ukungabi nabungozi kubantu abaninzi. Ezi zinto, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-allergens, zinokuba yi-pollen, ukutya, amayeza, amantshontsho othuli, ukungunda, inkwethu yezilwanyana, ukulunywa yizinambuzane, nokunye okuninzi.
Xa i-allergen iqala ukungena emzimbeni womntu owenziwe ngaphambili, amajoni omzimba avelisa amajoni athile omzimba e-IgE ngokuchasene naloo nto. Ezi zithinteli-zifo zincamathela kumphezulu weeseli ezibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zemast, ezixhaphake kakhulu kulwelwe lwempumlo, kwi-bronchi, nakwi-conjunctiva yeliso.
Kwiimbonakaliso ezilandelayo, xa udibana kwakhona ne-allergen efanayo, ukusabela kwenzeka Ukubophelela ukuphendula phakathi kwe-allergen kunye ne-IgE ukusuka kumphezulu weseli yemasti. Oku kubangela ukukhululwa kwabalamli abavuthayo njenge-histamine, i-leukotrienes, kunye nezinye izinto ezijongene neempawu: ukubetha, ukukrala, i-mucus, ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosal, i-bronchoconstriction, njl.
Kwimeko i-pollinosis (I-Pollen allergy): Iinkozo ezikhoyo emoyeni zidibana nenwebu ezivelile (impumlo, amehlo, umlomo, kunye nepheshana lokuphefumla) kwaye zibangela irhinitis, conjunctivitis, kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, isifuba sonyaka. Ubunzulu beempawu budla ngokunxulunyaniswa nokugxilwa kwepollen emoyeni, nangona umntu ngamnye enomqobo wokusabela.
Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zokwaliwa umungu
Iimpawu zokwaliwa kwe-pollen zinokuqala ukungonwabi kancinci ukuya kwiimeko ezinciphisa kakhulu umsebenzi wemihla ngemihla. Phakathi kwe imiboniso eqhelekileyo zi:
- I-rhinitis yokwaliwa: Ukuthimla, ukurhawuzelelwa ngamandla kweempumlo, umfinya onamanzi, kunye nokuxinana kweempumlo. Idla ngokukhatshwa kukurhawuzelelwa yinkalakahla neendlebe.
- I-conjunctivitis yokwaliwa: Amehlo abomvu, ukurhawuzelela okukhulu, ukukrazula rhoqo, kunye nokuvakala komzimba wangaphandle emehlweni.
- I-Pollen asthma: Ukukhohlela, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukuqina kwesifuba, kunye nokuphefumla. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala ngexesha elifanayo xa isigulane sifumana i-rhinitis kunye ne-conjunctivitis, nangona kwabanye abantu kwenzeka ngokuzimeleyo.
Kwezinye iimeko, ukusabela kunokuba ngokubanzi, nge ukudinwa, intloko ebuhlungu, okanye ukulala kakubingakumbi xa ukuxinana kweempumlo kunzima. Nangona ukusabela okubukhali (okufana ne-anaphylaxis) kunqabile kakhulu kwi-pollen kunezinye izinto ezithintekayo, i-pollinosis elawulwa kakubi inokuthi ibe mandundu iimeko zokuphefumla esele zikhona ngaphambili, ezifana ne-asthma eqhubekayo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-pollinosis kunye nendima yokubala kwe-pollen
I-Pollen aleji ifunyaniswa yi ingcali kwiAllergologyLe ndlela idibanisa imbali yonyango kunye neemvavanyo ezithile. Ngokuqhelekileyo ihlalutya ubudlelwane phakathi kweempawu kunye nexesha lonyaka, ukuvezwa kwezityalo ezithile okanye iindawo ezisingqongileyo, kunye nokuphendula kumayeza afana ne-antihistamines okanye i-corticosteroids e-inhaled okanye i-intranasal.
Las iimvavanyo zolusu Iimvavanyo zeprick ezinezicatshulwa ze-pollens ezikrokrelwayo sisixhobo esisisiseko sokuqinisekisa uvakalelo. Kwezinye iimeko, zincediswa ngovavanyo lwegazi lwe-IgE ethile, iimvavanyo zomsebenzi wokuphefumula (i-spirometry) ukuba i-asthma ikhona, kunye neemvavanyo ezilawulwayo ze-provocation (i-nasal, conjunctival, okanye i-bronchial) xa idatha echanekileyo iyadingeka.
Los Izibalo ze-pollen zemihla ngemihla Idatha epapashwe ngamanethiwekhi afana neSpanish Aerobiology Network (REA) okanye iKomiti yeAerobiology ye-SEAIC iluncedo kakhulu ekunxibelelaneni kweempawu kunye nokuvezwa. Ezi nethiwekhi zinezikhululo zesampulu ezisasazwe kulo lonke ilizwe, kwaye idatha yazo inokufumaneka kumajelo eendaba nakwiiwebhusayithi ezikhethekileyo ezifana www.polenes.com.
Ukwazi ukuba yintoni i-pollen concentration edla ngokubangela iimpawu kwisigulane ngasinye cwangcisa unyango: nini ukuqala okanye ukwandisa amayeza othintelo, nini ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko angaphezulu, okanye xa kububulumko ukuphepha imisebenzi yangaphandle.
Unyango kunye namanyathelo okunciphisa ukutyhileka kwe-pollen
Indlela yokujongana ne-pollinosis isekwe kwiintsika ezintathu: kuphephe ukuvezwa kangangokoSebenzisa amayeza afanelekileyo kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, ubhenele kwi-immunotherapy (izitofu zokugonya). Akukho nanye kwezi yodwa edla ngokwanela kwiimeko eziphakathi okanye ezinzima; ngokufanelekileyo, kufuneka zidityaniswe ngokwemiyalelo yengcali.
Phakathi eziphambili amanyathelo okuthintela Ezicetyiswayo ziquka:
- Zigcine iifestile zivaliwe Ebusuku kunye namaxesha e-pollen encopho (ekuseni nangokuhlwa), ukufaka umoya endlwini ixesha elifutshane kwaye kukhethwa emini emaqanda.
- Sebenzisa umoya womoya onezihluzo zomungu ekhaya nasemotweni, eqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlaziywa xa kufanelekile.
- Kuphephe ukuphuma ukuya emaphandleni okanye kwiindawo ezinezityalo ezixineneyo ngeentsuku ezinamaqondo aphezulu e-pollen, ngakumbi ukuba kukho umoya okanye kukho uqikelelo lwezaqhwithi ezinomxholo ophezulu wombane.
- Ukuhamba ne iifestile zemoto zisongiwe kwaye uphephe ukuhamba ngesithuthuthu okanye ngebhayisekile ngexesha lencopho yomvumvuzelwano.
- Musa ukunyamekela iimpahla okanye amashiti ngaphandlekuba umungu ufakwa lula kwiithishu.
- Ishawa kunye tshintsha iimpahla zakho xa ufika ekhaya ukususa umungu oncanyathiselwe kwiinwele, ulusu kunye nempahla.
- Sebenzisa Iiglasi zelanga kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, imaski yobuso (ngokukhethekileyo i-FFP2 okanye i-FFP3) ngeentsuku zokuxinana okuphezulu kakhulu.
- Coca uthuli nge vacuum cleaner kunye namalaphu afumileyo, endaweni yokutshayela, ukuze ungavusi amasuntswana.
Ngokuphathelele amayeza, i-allergist inokumisela antihistamines ngomlomoI-Intranasal corticosteroids, i-anti-allergies eye drops, i-bronchodilators, kunye namanye amayeza anokumiselwa ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zesigulana ngasinye. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo emalunga nedosi kunye nobude bexesha lonyango kunye nokuphepha ukuzinyanga, njengoko amanye amayeza anokubangela ukozela okanye ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, umzekelo, xa uqhuba.
La I-immunotherapy ethile (Oko kubizwa ngokuba "yi-allergies shots") igcinelwe izigulane apho i-pollen enoxanduva ichazwe ngokucacileyo kwaye i-allergies yabo iphazamisa kakhulu ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla ngaphandle kwemilinganiselo eqhelekileyo. Olu nyango, oluhlala lulawulwa yi-allergist, lujolise ekuguquleni impendulo ye-immune kwixesha elide, ukunciphisa ubunzima beempawu kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukukhusela ukuqhubela phambili kwe-rhinitis kwi-asthma.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla babantu abanengxaki yokwaliwa umungu
Ukulawula ngcono i-pollen allergy, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibanise uluhlu lwe imikhwa elula kwindlela yemihla ngemihla ngexesha lomngcipheko:
- Qhagamshelana ne amanqanaba omungu kwiiwebhusayithi ezikhethekileyo (ezifana ne-www.polenes.com okanye i-SEAIC) ngaphambi kokucwangcisa imisebenzi yangaphandle.
- Kuphephe ukuqhelisela imidlalo yangaphandle phakathi kwe-5:00 kunye ne-10:00 kusasa naphakathi kwe-19:00 kunye ne-22:00, amaxesha apho i-pollen eninzi idla ngokuxinana.
- Thatha ukhathalelo olongezelelweyo ngeentsuku kunye imimoya enamandla okanye iindudumo, njengoko banokunyusa ukugxininiswa kweengqungquthela eziphefumulayo ze-allergenic.
- Yenza ukuhlamba ngeempumlo nge izisombululo ze-saline okanye amanzi olwandle Xa ufika ekhaya, ukususa i-pollen kwi-mucosa yeempumlo kunye nokuphucula ukuphefumla.
- Ukugcina ucoceko amehlo nezandlaSebenzisa iinyembezi zokwenziwa ukuba kukho ukucaphuka kwamehlo kwaye uzame ukungawahlikihli amehlo, njengoko oku kwandisa ukudumba.
- Kuphephe kuchetywa okanye wenze imisebenzi yegadi evuselela umungu ngeentsuku zomvumvuzelwano ophezulu.
- Lumka ngakumbi nge iziqhamo nemifuno ezinokuba ne-pollen zifakwe kumphezulu wazo, zihlanjwe okanye zixotyulwe phambi kokuba zisetyenziswe.
- Yiya e i-allergist Ukuba iimpawu ziba nzima okanye azilawulwa kakuhle ngonyango oluqhelekileyo, ukuvavanya uhlengahlengiso kumayeza okanye ukufaneleka kwe-immunotherapy.
Qhubeka ulwazi olucacileyo noluhlaziyiweyo Ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi i-pollens exhaphakileyo kwindawo yakho, ukuba ixesha lonyaka liqhubeka njani, kwaye zeziphi izixhobo ezikhoyo kuwe kwenza umahluko omkhulu. Ngokuxilongwa kakuhle, unyango olufanelekileyo, kunye namanyathelo asisiseko okuthintela, abaninzi abantu abane-hay fever banokuqhubeka bephila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kwaye banandipha intwasahlobo, nangona kukho i-pollen emoyeni.
