La I-Ista kwiiCanary Islands Iqalile igutyungelwe yingqele exineneyo eye yashiya isibhakabhaka esimhlophe, umoya onzima, kunye nokungabonakali kakuhle phantse kulo lonke iziqithi. uthuli oluxhonyiweyoIsivuthuvuthu sothuli, esibangelwe yiSahara, sichaphazele uhambo, imisebenzi yangaphandle kwanemisebenzi yezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya ngamanye amaxesha.
Ngokutsho kwe I-Arhente yeMeteorological State (AEMET), esi siqendu sokungenelela kothuli lwaseSahara Imihla yakhe ibalwa.Ukususela ngoLwesithathu, inkungu iza kuqala ukunyamalala kancinci kancinci, kuqala kwiziqithi zasempuma, kwaye, imini yonke, nakwezinye iziqithi zaseCanary, nto leyo eza kunika indawo indawo ecocekileyo kancinci, nangona umoya omkhulu kunye nolwandle olurhabaxa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
Isiganeko esibanzi somnkungu phezu kweziqithi
Isiqendu sangoku somngxuma senziwe kwi isaqhwithi eMntla AfrikaIngakumbi kwiindawo zaseAlgeria naseSahara, eziqhube uthuli olungaphezulu kweekhilomitha eziliwaka ukuya empuma yeAtlantiki. Lo moya unzima, ozele ziisuntswana, ubungena kuwo. Lanzarote kunye Fuerteventura kwaye ukususela ngoko iye yasasazeka nakwezinye iziqithi.
Imifanekiso yesathelayithi ibonise umaleko omncinci wothuli igubungela lonke iziqithi, apho kugxilwe kakhulu kwiziqithi zeentaba kunye namathambeka azo asezantsi nasentshonalanga. Kwiimasipala ezifana ne-Agüimes (Gran Canaria) okanye iGranadilla de Abona (emazantsi eTenerife), amanqanaba afikelelekile. ixabiso lamasuntswana axhonyiweyo ngaphezulu kwe-1.000 micrograms/m³, ngaphezulu kakhulu kwemingcele ethathwa njengeyamkelekileyo kwimpilo.
Nangona inkangeleko ibimangalisa, iingcali zithi amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu akakafikelelwa ezirekhodwe kwiziqendu zembali ezifana nekaFebruwari 2020. Nangona kunjalo, ukubonwa kuncitshisiwe Ibikho kufutshane ne I-3.000 ukuya kwi-6.000 yeemitha kwiindawo ezininzi, nto leyo enyanzelisa ukuba kuqatshelwe kakhulu ezindleleni nakwimisebenzi yomoya.
Oku kungena kothuli kuye kwahambelana ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu, kunye neencopho ezijikeleze zaze zadlula 26-27 isidanga kwiindawo ezisemazantsi eziqithi. Imozulu efudumeleyo, kunye nobushushu, kwenze uvakalelo olunzima oluqheleke kakhulu phakathi kwehlobo kunasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo yeAtlantiki.
I-calima (isivuthuvuthu sothuli lwaseSahara) siza kuqala nini ukuthoma kwiZiqithi zaseCanary?
I-AEMET sele ibeke umhla oqikelelweyo kunye nexesha lokuqala kophuculo. Iimodeli zamva nje Zibonisa ukuba uthuli lwaseSahara luza kuqala ukwehla oku NgoLwesithathu kuxhomekeke ngokulinganayo kwisiqithi kunye nokuphakama, kunye nomoya ococekileyo ohambahambayo imini yonke.
En Lanzarote kunye FuerteventuraIziqithi zokuqala ukufumana ukungenelela kothuli kulindeleke ukuba... Inkungu iye yehla ukususela kusasaUkusuka macala onke 12:00Indawo esingqongileyo kufuneka ibonakale kakuhle, isibhakabhaka sicacile nangona sisenothuli oluphakathi noluphezulu.
Kwiziqithi ngokukhululeka okukhulu, okufana IGran Canaria kunye neTenerifeInkqubo iza kuhamba kancinci. Ubushushu buza kuqhubeka buchaphazela ikakhulu indawo ephakathi kunye nencopho uninzi lwemini, kwaye ukuphucuka kuya kubonakala ngakumbi kwi mva, xa kulindeleke ukuba umoya uqale ukucaca ngenxa yotshintsho kwindlela ejikeleza ngayo umoya.
I-AEMET imisela njengesalathiso sokuba, kwiziqithi ngokubanzi, ukungena kothuli Iza kuqwalaselwa ukuba igqityiwe malunga nentsimbi ye-21:00 PM ngoLwesithathu.Nangona ukususela kwiiyure ezidlulileyo, uxinaniso luya kuncipha kwaye ukubonakala kuya kuphucuka kancinci kancinci.
Uqikelelo lwemozulu ngokwesiqithi: uthuli, amaqondo obushushu kunye neemeko zomoya
Uphuculo aluyi kwenzeka ngesantya esifanayo kuzo zonke iziqithi okanye kuzo zonke iindawo eziphakamileyo. Uqikelelo ngokwemimandla lubonisa izinto ezibalulekileyo phakathi kweendawo ezikunxweme, imimandla ephakathi kunye neencophozombini ngokubhekiselele kuthuli, umoya kunye namaqondo obushushu.
Lanzarote siza kuba noLwesithathu ngokubanzi Licacile kwaye kukho amafu aphezulu phakathiUbushushu buya kuncipha kusasa, kushiya umoya ocacileyo ukususela emini ukuya phambili. Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi aya kuhlala ezinzile, ngelixa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokwehla kancinci kwiindawo ezisemazantsi. Imozulu/imozulu iya kuba yeyona iphambili. Umoya waseMantla-mpuma, ulula ukuya kophakathi.
En FuerteventuraImeko iya kufana: isibhakabhaka esinamafu amaninzi kunye namafu aphezulu, inkungu icacile ngeeyure zokuqala zosuku kunye amaxabiso aphantsi obushushuAmaqondo obushushu aphantsi aza kuhlala engatshintshanga kangako, ngelixa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu eza kuba sezantsi kancinci kunxweme olusentshona, kunye nokunyuka okuncinci okunokwenzeka ngaphakathi. Umoya uya kuvuthuza usuka Icandelo laseMantla-mpuma, elikhanyayo ukuya kweliphakathi.
ukuba Gran CanariaKulindeleke ukuba isibhakabhaka sicace kakuhle, kubekho amafu aphezulu angenaziphazamiso kusasa. Iya kuchaphazela ikakhulu imimandla ephakathi kunye neencochoyi kwaye iya kunyamalala kancinci kancinci kulo lonke ixesha lasemini. Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi aya kuthambekela kwi ukunyuka okuncinci ukuya kokuphakathi ngaphakathingelixa iindawo eziphakamileyo ziza kuhlala zingatshintshanga okanye zinyuke kancinci. Kunxweme, umoya uza kuba phakathi kumntla-mpumaukujika ujonge empuma phakathi kosuku uze ubuyele emantla-mpuma ekupheleni kosuku; kwiindawo eziphakamileyo umoya uya kuba namandla kakhulu umzantsi-mpuma ophakathi kunye neendawo ezithile ezivulekileyo kwiindawo ezisezantsi-ntshona.
En Tenerife Uqikelelo lufuna isibhakabhaka esicacileyo kakhulu kunye namafu aphakathi kwinqanaba. Ubushushu buza kuba buninzi e imimandla ephakamileyo kunye nemimandla ephakathiUbushushu buza kuba bukhulu kakhulu kwisiqingatha sokuqala sosuku, bunciphe emva kwemini. Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi aza kunyuka kancinci ukuya kuthi ga phakathi, ingakumbi kwiindawo eziphakathi ezisemantla nasentshona, ngelixa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu eza kuba ne- ukunyuka kancinciUmoya uza kuvuthuza ngaselunxwemeni phakathi ukusuka empuma okanye emantla-mpumakwaye kwimida yasembindini nakwiincopho iya kulawula umzantsi-mpuma ophakathi, ujikeleza emantla-mpuma Ekupheleni kosuku, kukho amaxesha emvula enkulu kwithambeka elisemzantsi-mpuma nakwiindawo ezisemantla phakathi kweTegueste neSanta Úrsula, apho iziphepho zingenakuthintelwa khona. imimoya enamandla kakhulu.
En la GomeraImini iya kuba nesibhakabhaka esicacileyo kakhulu kunye namafu aphakathi. Ubushushu buya kuchaphazela kakhulu iindawo eziphakathi kunye neencopho, bunciphe emva kwemini. ukunyuka kancinci Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi aza kuba phantsi, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziphakathi ezijonge emazantsi nasentshona, ngelixa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu aza kutshintsha okanye anyuke kancinci. Imimoya iya kuba namandla kakhulu elunxwemeni. iyancipha ngenxa yemimoya evela kumntla-mpumakwaye kwiindawo eziphakamileyo iya kulawula umzantsi-mpuma ophakathiukujika ujonge emantla-mpuma ekupheleni kosuku.
Isiqithi se la Palma Isibhakabhaka siza kuba sicacile kakhulu xa kukho amafu aphakathi naphezulu. Ubushushu buza kuchaphazela kakhulu imimandla ephakathi kunye neencochoyi, kodwa Iya kunyamalala kancinci kancinci emva kweminiAmaqondo obushushu aya kunyuka kancinci, kunye nokwanda okukhulu kwiindawo eziphakathi kwentaba-mlilo yasentshona, apho amaqondo obushushu aphantsi anokunyuka ngokuphakathi. Kunxweme, umoya uya kuba phakathi kumntla-mpuma kunye nemimoya yasempuma exhaphakileyo ngexesha leeyure eziphakathi; kwiindawo eziphakathi nakwiincopho, Imimoya ephakathi ephuma kumzantsi-mpuma iya kuba namandla kakhuluUmoya uza kutshintshela emantla-mpuma ekupheleni kosuku. Kulindeleke imimoya enamandla kunxweme olusemzantsi-mpuma nolusemantla-ntshona, kunye nakwiindawo ezifana ne-El Paso kunye neTazacorte, apho kukho ithuba elincinci leemvula ezinamandla kakhulu.
En IsinyithiUbumnyama buza kuba phakathi kwezokugqibela eziza kucocwa, kunye nezibikezelo ze ukuxolelwa ikakhulu ebusukuIsibhakabhaka siza kuba namafu aphakathi naphezulu, kwaye amaqondo obushushu aza kunyuka kancinci, ngokubonakalayo kwiindawo ezingaphakathi apho ukunyuka kungaba phakathi. Kunxweme, kulindeleke ukuba Imimoya ephakathi ukuya kwenamandla yasempuma-mpuma, ngelixa liphakathi nakwiincopho liya kulawula umzantsi-mpuma onamandlangemimoya enamandla kakhulu kwiindawo ezifana ne-El Golfo kunye ne-El Pinar.
Izilumkiso, umgangatho womoya kunye nemiphumo yempilo
Esi siqendu sisinyanzele ukuba siqhubeke izaziso ezisemthethweni malunga nothuli oluxhonyiweyo kulo lonke iziqithi. I-AEMET isebenzise isaziso esityheli kwiziqithi ngenxa yokubakho okuphezulu kwamasuntswana emoyeni, kokubini kumphezulu naphezulu, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezisemazantsi nakwiiziqithi ezichaphazeleka kakhulu kumlambo iSahara.
Ukulinganisa kubonisa ukuba kwiindawo ezininzi bekukho ukudlula ii-microgram ezingama-50 nge-cubic meter nganye yamasuntswana, apho amathuba aphezulu okugqitha Ii-micrograms ezingama-100 kwiindawo zase-El Hierro kwaye zixabiseke kakhulu kwiindawo zaseTenerife naseGran Canaria. Ngaphezu koko, kwezinye iindawo ezisemazantsi eziqithi, ubuninzi beendawo budlule kakhulu kumanqanaba athathwa njengamkelekileyo. yingozi empilweni.
Ukuvezwa kwezi ngxinano zothuli kunokubangela iimpawu ezincincinjengokurhawuzelelwa yimpumlo nomqala, amehlo arhawuzelelwayo, okanye ukukhwehlela okomileyo, kodwa kwakhona qalisa iziqendu ezinzulu ngakumbi kubantu abanezigulo esele zikhona. Phakathi kweziphumo ezixhalabisayo kukuqala kokuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba kunye nokuba mandundu kwemeko yezonyango yezigulane ezine- izifo ezingapheliyo zokuphefumla okanye zentliziyo kunye nokwanda kwenani lezifo zosulelo lwendlela yokuphefumla ephezulu nesezantsi.
Iinkonzo zempilo zisikhumbuza ukuba, ngexesha nasemva kwesi siganeko siphawulekayo somkhuhlane, kuqhelekile ukubhalisa umntu ukwanda kokutyelela kwigumbi likaxakeka kwizibhedlele nakwiindawo zempilo. Olu lwando lusenokuqhubeka nangona emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa xa uthuli luqalile ukuhla, njengoko abantu abasesichengeni kakhulu banokubona iziphumo kamva.
Phakathi kwamaqela aqwalaselweyo uvakalelo ngakumbi Olu hlobo lokungena kothuli lwaseSahara lufumaneka kwi abantwana kunye nabantu abadalakunye nabo babandezelekayo i-asthma, i-bronchitis engapheliyo, isifo semiphunga esithintelayo, okanye ezinye izifo zokuphefumlaKukwaqukwa nabantu abaneengxaki zentliziyo, abafazi abakhulelweyo, abo basebenza ngaphandle iiyure ezininzi, kunye abatshaya rhoqo, ukususela kumsebenzi wamaphaphu osele uphazamisekile.
Iingcebiso ezivela kwabasemagunyeni malunga nothuli oluphuma emoyeni
ICandelo eliPhezulu lezeMpilo yoLuntu kunye neenkonzo ezingxamisekileyo zeziqithi zigxininisa kuthotho lwe amanyathelo okuzikhusela Nangona inkungu isekho, nokuba iyaphela, injongo kukunciphisa iingxaki zokuphefumla kunye nentliziyo.
Okokuqala, kuyacetyiswa ukunciphisa imisebenzi yomzimba yangaphandleIngakumbi ezo zifuna umgudu omkhulu, njengokubaleka, ukudlala imidlalo enzima, okanye ukwenza umsebenzi onzima wangaphandle. Apho kunokwenzeka, kuyacetyiswa ukuba hlala ngaphakathi endlini ngexesha leeyure zothuli oluphezulu, ukugcina iifestile neengcango ezivaliweyo ukuthintela ukungena kwamasuntswana.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukucoca amakhaya neendawo zokusebenza amalaphu afumileyo Endaweni yokutshayela yome, kuba oku kuthintela uthuli olusele luhleli phezu komhlaba ukuba lungaphindi lungene emoyeni. ukumanzisa okwaneleyo Oku kukwabalulekile: kuyacetyiswa ukuba usele amanzi rhoqo kwaye uhlale kwindawo efumileyo kancinci, ingakumbi ukuba kukho iimpawu zokurhawuzelelwa kukuphefumla.
Abantu abasele belandela unyango lwezonyango olungapheliyoAbo basebenzisa ii-inhaler okanye amayeza eengxaki zokuphefumla nezentliziyo, ngakumbi, kufuneka baqhubeke nenkqubo yabo eqhelekileyo kwaye bahlale bephethe amayeza okuhlangula xa kufuneka. ukuba mandundu ngequbuliso —ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, ukuziva ufuthanisekile, okanye ukukhwehlela okuya kusiba mandundu—, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane neenkonzo zongxamiseko ngokusebenzisa 1-1-2 okanye uye kwiziko lezempilo elikufutshane.
Abasemagunyeni bakwacebisa ukuba bahlale belumkile malunga iincwadana zeendaba zomgangatho womoya Izaziso ezisemthethweni sele zikhutshiwe. Urhulumente weZiqithi zaseCanary une Inethiwekhi yoLawulo noLawulo loMgangatho woMoya apho unokujonga khona isalathisi somgangatho womoya (i-AQI) ngokwendawo, ulwazi oluluncedo ngakumbi kubantu abayinxalenye yamaqela asemngciphekweni.
Umoya nolwandle: yintoni eza emva kokubuyela umva kothuli lwaseSahara
Ubushushu abuyi kunyamalala ngokwabo. Utshintsho kwiipateni zomoya oluya kunceda ekucoceni umoya luya kuzisa umoya ovuthuzayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeziqithi kunye ukuba mandundu kwemeko yolwandleNgenxa yoko, abasemagunyeni babongoza abantu ukuba bangayeki ukulinda nangona isibhakabhaka siqala ukubonakala sicacile.
Ngaphezulu, ubukho urhwebo lwezorhwebo kunye nemimoya yasempuma nakumntla-mpumayobuthathaka ngokubanzi ukuya kobuphakathi, kodwa kunye amaxesha aqinileyo kwiindawo eziphakathi nakwiincopho yeziqithi ezineendawo eziphakamileyo. Kwiindawo ezivulekileyo zaseTenerife, eLa Palma, nase-El Hierro, iimvula zinokuba namandla kakhulu ekuhlaleni, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana IGulf, El Pinar, El Paso okanye iTazacorte, apho umhlaba uhambisa khona umoya.
Kwicandelo lezolwandle, uqikelelo lubonisa ukuba imimoya yasempuma okanye yasempuma enamandla 4 ukuya ku-5kunye nokunyuka okunokwenzeka kweForce 6 kwimijelo ephakathi kweziqithi. Ulwandle luya kuba phakathi ulwandle olurhabaxa nolwandle olunzima, kunye nokuvuvukala okusemantla okanye emantla-mpuma okunokubangela amaza I-2 ukuya kwi-3 yeemitha, ingakumbi kunxweme oluvulekileyo olusemantla nakumntla-mpuma weziqithi nakunxweme olusentshona lweLanzarote, iFuerteventura kunye neLa Graciosa.
Ezi meko zifuna unonophelo olukhulu kuzo zombini ukuhambahamba kokuzonwabisa kunye nobungcali kunye nokudada elunxwemeni oluchatshazelwe ngamaza. Kucetyiswa ukuba unike ingqalelo kwiiflegi kunye nezilumkiso ezivela kwiinkonzo zoonogada bolwandle, uphephe ukuya elwandle kwiindawo ezinamaza anamandla, kwaye ungasondeli kakhulu. iintaba okanye iindawo zokuhamba ezikufutshane nolwandle apho amaza anokuqhekeka ngamandla.
Emva kweentsuku ezininzi zeemeko ezibandayo, indibaniselwano yokutshintsha kwecala lomoya kunye nokungena komoya ococekileyo ovela kwiAtlantiki kuya kuvumela isibhakabhaka ukuba siphinde sikhanye kancinci kancinci. umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oqhelekileyo, nangona kukho umoya oguquguqukayo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kukho umoya onamandla.
Njengoko i-calima (umkhenkce wothuli lwaseSahara) irhoxile ngokupheleleyo ukusukela ngoLwesithathu, iziqithi zaseCanary zijongene nenxalenye yesibini yeVeki eNgcwele kunye ukubonakala okuphuculweyo kunye namaqondo obushushu aphantsiAmaqondo obushushu afikelele malunga nama-22 degrees Celsius kwizixeko ezinkulu kwaye ayephezulu kancinci kwiindawo ezisemazantsi nakwiziqithi zasentshona. Nangona kunjalo, esi siganeko sikhumbuza ukuba uthuli lwaseSahara alugcini nje ngokufaka umbala esibhakabhakeni kodwa lukwachaphazela... impilo, ukuhambahamba, imeko yolwandle kwanamacandelo afana nokuloba nezolimo, iindawo apho la masuntswana asebenza njengesichumiso sendalo xa iimeko zingentle.
