Ukunyuka rhoqo kweziganeko zendalo ezigqithisileyo kunye nefuthe ezinalo eluntwini nakwi-ikhosistim ikhokelele kuphuhliso lwemizekelo yesilumkiso esandayo kunye nezenzekelayo. Kutshanje, zombini uphando lwamazwe aphesheya kunye neeprojekthi zaseYurophu zityala imali ekusebenziseni ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nokuqonda okude ukwenza iinkqubo ezingafumani mngcipheko kuphela kodwa zilindele iziphumo zazo ngexesha elaneleyo lokwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo kunye nokusindisa ubomi.
Los iimodeli zokulumkisa kwangaphambili Zisekwa njengesixhobo esiphambili sokunciphisa umonakalo kunye nokwandisa ubuncwane ekujonganeni neenyikima, ukutsha kwamahlathi, izinambuzane, kunye nokuncipha kwamahlathi. Enkosi ekusebenziseni itekhnoloji entsha, ezi nkqubo azisapheleli ekukhupheni izilumkiso ngokubanzi, kodwa ngoku zidibanisa idatha yexesha lokwenyani, imifanekiso yesathelayithi, iirekhodi zefiziyoloji, kunye nezivamvo ezisasazwe kuwo wonke ummandla.
Isilumkiso senyikima kwangethuba sibulela kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa
Enye yenkqubela phambili ephawulekayo ivela kumsebenzi odibeneyo phakathi kweYunivesithi yaseChile kunye neBhritane, eye yaphunyezwa imodeli yengqikelelo yenyikima Ngokusekelwe kubukrelekrele bokwenziwa. Ephuhliswe ngabaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseLos Andes, iYunivesithi yaseChile, kunye neYunivesithi yase-Exeter, le nkqubo iyakwazi ukuqikelela ubungakanani obulindelekileyo benyikima ukuya kwi-30 okanye imizuzwana ye-40 ngaphambi kokuba i-peak of the phenomenon yenzeke, umda onokuthi wenze umehluko xa ukhupha izakhiwo ezinobungozi okanye ukumisa iinkqubo ezinobungozi zoshishino.
Inkqubo, ebizwa HEWFERS (I-Hybrid Earthquake Early Warning Framework for Estimating Response Spectra) isebenzisa ubuchule bokufunda koomatshini bokuhlalutya imizuzwana embalwa yokuqala erekhodwe kwizikhululo ze-accelerographic. Ngolu lwazi, iyakwazi ukuqikelela nje kuphela indawo echaphazelekayo kodwa kunye noxinzelelo lwangempela oluya kuhlangabezana nezakhiwo kunye nezinye izakhiwo. Oku kubonelela ngokhuseleko loluntu kunye namagosa kaxakeka ngesiseko esiqinileyo sokuthatha isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi na imilinganiselo ekufuneka ithathwe kwimeko nganye.
Eli nyathelo liphakamisa ukuphunyezwa kwayo kwixesha elizayo ngokubanzi kumazwe anomsebenzi ophezulu we-seismic, njengeChile, ehambisa inethiwekhi ekhoyo yezikhululo kwiZiko leSizwe leSeismological. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqinisekiswa kusetyenziswa idatha evela kwiinyikima zangempela-ezifana nezo zenzeke eJapan-ibonisa amandla ayo okulungelelaniswa nezinye iimeko ze-seismic zamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukukhuselwa kwepine kunye namahlathi e-oki usebenzisa iimodeli ezizenzekelayo
Kwicandelo lamahlathi, kwakhona, umbono wesilumkiso kwangethuba uyakhula. Iprojekthi yaseYurophu NYATHELA, ekhokelwa yi-Institute of Sustainable Agriculture ye-CSIC, ijolise ekuphuhliseni inkqubo ekwaziyo ukuchonga amahlathi asemngciphekweni wokufa, ngakumbi ipine kunye namahlathi e-oki kwindawo yeMeditera. Le teknoloji igxile kwi ukufunyanwa kwangoko kwezinambuzane kunye nezifo, usebenzisa i-thermal sensing sensors kunye nohlalutyo lwezinto eziguquguqukayo ze-physiological ukufumanisa iimpawu zokuqala zokuwohloka kwemithi.
Ngokwabaphandi, ukufunyanwa kwangoko kubalulekile ukuphumeza amahlathi achanekileyo kunye nokunciphisa iimpembelelo zoqoqosho kunye ne-ikholoji yokuhla kwamahlathi. I-TREAD ixhaswa yiYunivesithi yaseCórdoba kunye neziko lesiPutukezi i-CoLAB ForestWISE, ngaphezu kwenkxaso ye-European Forest Institute, egxininisa ukubaluleka kwayo ngamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngaphaya kokuqokelelwa kwedatha, iprojekthi ijonge ukuyilwa kwe vula isiseko sedatha kunye nombukeli we-intanethi evumela ukuba kwabelwane ngolwazi phakathi kwezazinzulu, abaphathi bamahlathi, kunye namagosa karhulumente. Ingcamango kukulinganisa imodeli kuzo zonke iintlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ukudibanisa iintlobo ezintsha kunye nokulungelelanisa impendulo kwimingeni eguqukayo yemozulu.
Imingeni kunye namathuba eemodeli ezintsha zokuqikelela
Ukusetyenziswa kweemodeli zokulumkisa kwangaphambili ibangela imingeni yenzululwazi nezobugcisaPhakathi kwabo, ubunzima bokuqonda kunye nokulinganisa utshintsho lwe-physiological kwizityalo eziphantsi koxinzelelo kunye nesidingo sokulungelelanisa i-algorithms kwiimeko eziguquguqukayo zokusingqongileyo. Ngaphaya koko, iisistim zobuntlola ezenziweyo kufuneka zihlale zilungelelaniswa ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhetha icala kunye nokuphucula ukuchaneka kwazo, ngakumbi kwiimeko apho idatha ekhoyo inokunqongophala okanye yahlulwe.
Ngaphandle kobu bunzima, umkhwa ucacile: ukuhlanganiswa kohlalutyo oluqikelelweyo kunye nobuchwepheshe bedatha enkulu Kulawulo lomngcipheko, kuguqula indlela esilungisa ngayo iimeko zikaxakeka. Ukwandisa, ezi zixhobo zisivumela ukuba silindele ubungakanani obunokwenzeka bentlekele kwimiba yemizuzwana, ukuququzelela impendulo ekhawulezayo nejoliswe ngakumbi.
Ukuphuhliswa kweemodeli zokulumkisa kwangaphambili kuzo zombini iinyikima kunye nempilo yehlathi, ibonisa ukubaluleka kwentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kunye notyalo-mali kuphando olusetyenzisiweyoIinkqubo eziphambili esele zivavanywa eYurophu naseLatin America zimele inyathelo eliya phambili ekukhuseleni iziseko ezingundoqo ezibalulekileyo, i-ecosystem yendalo, kunye noluntu olusesichengeni ukusuka kwizisongelo ezixhaphakileyo nezingalindelekanga.
