Umfanekiso apho iindawo zemozulu ezahlukileyo zahlulwayo, ezimhlophe ziyindawo ebandayo, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kummandla ongaphantsi komhlaba, lilac ummandla weetundra, luhlaza indawo enemozulu epholileyo, tyheli ngommandla wetropiki, kunye nepinki kummandla wetropiki.
Sinethamsanqa ngokuhlala kwihlabathi apho kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zobomi. Izilwanyana kunye nezityalo ezihlala ngendlela ebalaseleyo: ziyancedisana, ziyancedana- nangona phantse zingazi - ukuze wonke umntu, njengohlobo, aqhubeke nokubakho.
Olu hlobo lweentlobo ngeentlobo lubangelwe yile planethi ngokwayo. Ukuba yimilo ye-geoid, imitha yelanga ayifikeleli kuwo wonke umhlaba ngokulinganayo, ke iindlela zokuziqhelanisa zahlukile kwisidalwa ngasinye esiphilayo. Ngoba? Ngoba Imimandla yemozulu yomhlaba ineempawu zayo.
Impembelelo yemitha yelanga eMhlabeni
Ngaphambi kokudlulela kumxholo osondeleyo, makhe siqale sichaze ukuba imitha yelanga ifuthe njani kwiplanethi yethu, kwaye ifika njani.
Iintshukumo zomhlaba
Umhlaba yiplanethi enamatye oko kukuthi, njengoko sisazi, ngokuhamba rhoqo. Kodwa ayisoloko ifana, enyanisweni, zine iintlobo ezichongiweyo:
Ukujikeleza
Yonke imihla (okanye, ukuba ichaneke ngakumbi, zonke iiyure ezingama-23 kunye nemizuzu engama-56) uMhlaba ujikeleza kwi-axis yawo, kwicala laseNtshona-Mpuma. Ngoyena siqaphela kakhulu, kuba umahluko ukusuka emini nasebusuku mkhulu kakhulu.
Inguqulelo
Zonke iintsuku ezingama-365, iiyure ezi-5 kunye nemizuzu engama-57, iplanethi ijikeleza iLanga kube kanye.Nangona kunjalo, ngelo xesha zine iintsuku ezi-4 ezizakubaluleke kakhulu:
- Ngomhla wamashumi amabini ananye Matshi: yi-equinox yasentwasahlobo kumantla e-hemisphere, kunye nekwindla ikwindla kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi.
- 22 kaJuni: yi-solstice yehlobo emantla e-hemisphere, kunye ne-solstice yasebusika kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi. Ngale mini uMhlaba uzakufikelela kumgama ophakamileyo ukusuka elangeni, yiyo loo nto ubizwa ngokuba yiaphelion.
- Septemba 23: yi-equinox yasekwindla emantla e-hemisphere, kunye ne-equinox yasentwasahlobo kwi-hemisphere esemazantsi.
- Disemba 22th: lusuku lwasebusika enyakatho, kunye nehlobo lasehlotyeni kumazantsi elizwe. Ngale mini uMhlaba uza kufikelela kubuninzi benkwenkwezi yokumkani, yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-perihelion.
Ukulungiselela
Iplanethi esihlala kuyo illipsoid enemilo engagunyaziswanga ekhubazeke ngumtsalane womxhuzulane wenkosi yenkwenkwezi, inyanga kwaye, nangona kunjalo ukuya kwinqanaba elincinci, iiplanethi. Oku kubangela amatye kwi-axis yayo ngokucothayo, phantse ngokungacacanga, ngexesha lokuguqulela ebizwa ngokuba yimvume yeequinoxes ». Ngenxa yazo, isikhundla sepali yasezulwini siyatshintsha ukutyhubela iinkulungwane.
Isondlo
Kukuhamba nokubuyela emva kwe-axis yoMhlaba. Njengoko ingesosangqa, umtsalane wenyanga kwiikhweyitha ibangela le ntshukumo.
Imitha yelanga ifikelela njani eMhlabeni?
Njengokuba iplanethi ingaphezulu okanye incinci ukujikeleza kwaye ithathela ingqalelo intshukumo eyenzayo kuyo yonke imihla neenyanga, Imitha yelanga ayifikeleli kuzo zonke iindawo zomhlaba ngamandla afanayo. Ngapha koko, ukuqhubekeka kwendawo kuvela kwinkosi yeenkwenkwezi, kwaye ukusondela kwakho kwiipali zomhlaba, kuya kuncipha imitha. Kuxhomekeke kuyo, imimandla eyahlukeneyo yemozulu ivele.
Iindawo zemozulu
Imozulu imiselwa ziiparameter zemozulu ezifana nobushushu, ukufuma, uxinzelelo, umoya kunye nemvula. Ukuba sithathela ingqalelo ubushushu kuphela, imimandla echaziweyo ifunyanwa ngokweenkqubo zokuhlelwa ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, kwinkqubo yeKöppen imimandla emithandathu yemozulu iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubushushu kwixesha ngalinye:
Indawo yetropiki
Ezi ndawo zinefayile ye- Imozulu yetropiki, Efumaneka kwindawo ye-tropical ukusuka kwi-25º kubude bangasentla ukuya ku-25º kumazantsi. Iqondo lobushushu eliqhelekileyo lihlala lingaphezulu kwe-18ºC. Oku akuthethi ukuba iqabaka alinakubakho, kuba livela kwiintaba eziphakamileyo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha entlango; Nangona kunjalo, iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi liphezulu.
Le mozulu Kungenxa yengile yezehlo zemitha yelanga eyenzeka kule mimandla. Bafika phantse ngokuthe ngcembe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ubushushu bube phezulu kwaye umahluko wokutshintsha kwakhona uphezulu kakhulu. Ukongeza, kufuneka kuthiwe i-ikhweyitha kulapho imimoya ebandayo evela kwelinye ikhwezi idibana nemimoya efudumeleyo evela kwenye, ethi ivelise imeko yoxinzelelo oluphantsi njalo olubizwa ngokuba yindawo yokudibana kwetropiki, ukuze imvula inethe rhoqo zonyaka.
Ummandla weTropical
ITenerife (iziQithi zeCanary, Spain)
Ezi ndawo zinemozulu eshushu, efumaneka kwiindawo ezikufuphi neTropics yeCancer neCapricorn, kwiindawo ezinje ngeNew Orleans, Hong Kong, Seville, Sao Paulo, Montevideo, okanye Canary Islands (Spain).
Iqondo lobushushu lonyaka alihli ngaphantsi kwe-18ºC, kwaye iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi kwinyanga ebandayo yonyaka liphakathi kwe-18 kunye ne-6ºC. Amanye amaqabaka amdaka anokuvela, kodwa ayiqhelekanga.
Umgangatho wobushushu
UPuig Major, eMallorca.
Lo mmandla unemozulu epholileyo, efumaneka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo apho amaqondo obushushu apholile kunendawo ezisezantsi kububanzi obufanayo. Ubushushu obuphakathi bungaphezulu kwe-10ºC kwezona nyanga zishushu, kwaye phakathi -3º kunye no-18ºC kwiinyanga ezibandayo.
Kukho amaxesha onyaka achazwe kakuhle: intwasahlobo enamaqondo obushushu anyukayo njengoko iintsuku zihamba, ihlobo elinamaqondo aphezulu kakhulu, ekwindla namaqondo obushushu ancipha ngokuhamba kweentsuku, nobusika apho iqabaka linokubakho.
Indawo yangaphantsi
eSiberia
Lo mmandla unemozulu engaphantsi komhlaba, eyaziwa njenge-subarctic okanye i-subpolar. Ime phakathi kwe-50º kunye ne-70º latitude, njengaseSiberia, emantla e-China, kakhulu eCanada, okanye kwiindawo ezininzi zeHokkaido (eJapan).
Amaqondo obushushu anokwehla aye -40ºC kwaye ehlotyeni, eli lixesha elihlala ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-3, lidlula kwi-30ºC.. Ubushushu obuphakathi yi-10ºC.
Indawo yeTundra
Ibhere elimhlophe eAlaska.
Lo mmandla unesimo sezulu se-tundra okanye i-alpine sezulu. Ifumaneka eSiberia, eAlaska, emantla eCanada, emazantsi eGreenland, kunxweme lweArtiki yaseYurophu, emazantsi eChile naseArgentina, nakwezinye iindawo ezikumantla eAntarctica.
Ukuba sithetha ngamaqondo obushushu, Umndilili wobusika ubuncinci ngu - 15ºC, kwaye ngexesha lasehlotyeni elifutshane zinokwahluka ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku-15ºC.
Indawo ebanda kakhulu
Arctic
Lo mmandla une Imozulu yomkhenkce, kwaye zifumaneka kwiArctic naseAntarctica. Imozulu kwezi ndawo ibanda kakhulu, ngakumbi eAntarctica apho kubhalwe khona ubushushu be -93,2ºC kuba imitha yelanga ifika ngamandla amancinci kakhulu.
Kwaye ngoku sigqiba. Siyathemba ukuba ibe nomdla kuwe.