Kwizithuba zangaphambili esasihlalutya Iintaba zeAppalachian y kwiiHimalaya. Ezi ndlela zejoloji zahlukile kwaye zikhethekile kwihlabathi liphela. Namhlanje siqhubeka nokukhenketha le ntaba iphuphileyo, ityebile zizinto eziphilayo nezingumqondiso wokuba iplanethi yethu isaphila. Makhe sithethe ngayo Iintaba ezinamatye. Yenye yezona ntaba zibalulekileyo kulo lonke elaseMelika. Ibekwe phakathi kweCanada kunye neUnited States kwaye ithathwa njengomqolo woMntla Melika.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi konke ukubaluleka kweeNtaba zeRocky, le yiposti yakho.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Ngombulelo kwixabiso elikhulu lendalo kunye nobukho bendalo eyahlukeneyo, isihloko sePaki kaZwelonke sasekwa kule ndawo ngo-1915. Ngapha koko, ngo-1984, Yabhengezwa njenge-UNESCO njengeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi. Kwaye kukuba kwezi ntaba kugcinwa iimfihlelo ezininzi zejoloji malunga nokwenziwa kweplanethi yethu njengoko sisazi namhlanje kwaye likhaya lamawaka eentlobo.
Inobude obumalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-4800, malunga. Ububanzi bayo buphakathi kwe-110 kunye ne-440 yeekhilomitha kweyona ndawo inkulu. Indawo isuka kumantla eAlberta naseBritish Columbia (zombini eziseCanada) ukuya emazantsi eNew Mexico. Igqitha kwiiThafa eziMkhulu empuma kwaye igqitha ngamazantsi kunye namathafa asentshona.
Yenziwe ziinduli ezininzi zeentaba, ke ibanzi kwaye kufanelekile ukuba ifundwe. Kukho iintaba ezinje ngeKhabinethi ebalaseleyo kunye neSalish. Ukubizwa njengeNdawo yeLifa leMveli yeHlabathi, imisebenzi emininzi yezoqoqosho ayivumelekanga. Oku kwenzelwa ukugcina i-ecosystems isempilweni.
Iintaba zeRocky zigada phakathi kweendawo zazo yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili kuwo wonke uMntla Melika. Le yiNtaba i-Elbert. Inokuphakama kweemitha ezingama-4.401. Iincopho ezisahleli kwinxalenye esemantla zigcina umkhenkce omninzi osekhoyo okokugqibela glaciation. Lo mkhenkce uqulethe ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nemozulu ekufuneka izazinzulu zihlalutye ngokupheleleyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba sivavanye la maqhekeza omkhenkce aqhubekayo kwiminyaka edlulileyo ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nexesha lethu elidlulileyo lomhlaba.
Iindawo ezinomdla
Kwindawo esemantla eeRockies ungonwabela ubuhle beentili ezimxinwa nezinzulu esele zenziwe zizigidi zeminyaka ngenxa yomkhenkce. Umkhenkce oqhubekayo kunye nokunyibilika kudala imisinga yemilambo ebumba umhlaba kunye nokwenza iintlambo esinokuthi sikuxabise namhlanje. Inyani yile yokuba kubalulekile ukuba sikwazi ukubona imbonakalo yendalo eyasekwa kudala kwaye kuphela kwendalo engenelele kulwakhiwo lwayo.
Phakathi kwezona ndawo zinomdla ukuzibona kwiiRockies sifumana eminye yemilambo ebaluleke kakhulu efumaneka kuyo yonke iNyakatho Melika. Phakathi kwabo sidibana noMlambo iColorado, Columbia kunye neBravo. Le milambo icwengileyo yondliwa ngamanzi asoloko eveliswa ngexesha lomkhenkce kunye neenkqubo zokunyibilikisa ezikhankanywe ngasentla. Oku kusikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kokunyibilika komkhenkce onjengalo xa sijamelene nokunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle neentlekele ezinokubangelwa koko. Ukongeza, unokufunda ngakumbi malunga ne UMlambo iColorado, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kulo mmandla.
Kulo mhlaba wendalo asiboni kuphela iintaba, kodwa kunye nokunye ukumila kwamatye okuthe kwaqulunqwa yisenzo se-glacial, i-geological yangaphandle, kunye neenkqubo zemozulu. Isenzo esizingileyo semvula, umoya, utshintsho lobushushu, umkhenkce kunye nokunyibilika, njl. njl., kubumba imbonakalo-mhlaba ekuhambeni kweminyaka kwaye kubangele ukwakheka kokwakheka komhlaba okunomtsalane.
Zenziwe njani iiRocky Mountains?
Sithetha ngendlela ezakhiwe ngayo ezinye zeendlela ezintle kwezi ndawo. Kodwa zenziwa njani ezi ntaba? Le nkqubo yokuma komhlaba ekhokelele ekusekweni kweeRockies ifundwa ngokubanzi ziijoloji kwihlabathi liphela. Kwaye kukuba ezi ntaba ziye zaphuhliswa kwixesha apho uMhlaba wawusebenza kakhulu ngokuma komhlaba.
Amacwecwe e-tectonic afumana iintshukumo ezomeleleyo ezikhokelele ekuphakameni komhlaba kunye nokwakheka kweentaba. Iintaba zeAppalachian ezichazwe apha ngasentla kunye neenkcukacha kwelinye inqaku zenziwa Ukusuka kwengozi yeLaurentia kunye neGondwana Ngexesha lokugqibela kweCarboniferous. Emva kwexesha, kwi-Eocene, bekukho ukuthotyelwa okunzulu okunzulu ngaphantsi koqweqwe namhlanje olwenza yonke intshona yeNtshona Melika. Olu thanjiso beluphakamisa ubukhulu belizwekazi ngakumbi nangakumbi kwaye ukuyilwa kweeRockies bekuqhubeka ngendlela echazwe ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Kungenzeka ukuba idatha evela kwizifundo iyinyani kwaye ibhale le mihla yeentaba ze ubudala obuphakathi kwama-55 nama-88 ezigidi zeminyaka. Ngoko ke, siyakwazi ukubona phambi kwamehlo ethu indawo yendalo ngokupheleleyo apho ungenelelo lomntu lungazange luvakalelwe kwaye lwaqulunqwa kwiminyaka eyi-88 yezigidi eyadlulayo. Ukuqonda ngcono le nto, kunomdla ukuphonononga iinkqubo ze-orogenesis eyavelisa ezi zakhiwo zibalaseleyo.
Kwisithuba seminyaka ezizigidi ezingama-60 edlulileyo, nje ukuba ukubunjwa kwazo kugqityiwe, iintaba zaziphantsi kweempembelelo zangaphandle zejoloji nezemozulu. Phakathi kwabo sifumana i-metamorphization yamatye. I-metamorphism ebonakalayo ebonakalayo (ngenxa yotshintsho oluqhubekayo kwiqondo lokushisa kunye nokutshintsha kwamaxesha onyaka) kunye neekhemikhali (ngenxa yokuchithwa kwezinto ngokusebenza kwamanzi). Ukongeza, umoya kunye nemvula zihlala zibeka umhlaba kukhukuliseko lomhlaba.
Iintyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana
Njengoko besikhankanyile amaxesha amaninzi kule post, zininzi iintlobo zeentyatyambo kunye nezilwanyana ezihlala kwezi ndawo. Kwiindawo ezintle zomhlaba, amathafa, amahlathi, iindawo ezinengca, imigxobhozo kunye nabanye iibhayom ezahlukeneyo zinokuhlala kwiintlobo ezininzi kwindawo efanelekileyo yendalo.
Phakathi kweentlobo ezihlala kunye esizifumanayo Ixhama, inyamakazi emhlophe, ixilongo, icoyote, ibhere emdaka, ingqawa yaseCanada kunye nebhokhwe emhlophe. Sikwabona ukwahlukahlukana kotyani kunye neentyatyambo apho sifumana khona ipangerosa pine, i-oki, i-alpine fir, phakathi kwabanye. Njengakwezinye iindawo kumazwe aseMerika, izityalo nezilwanyana zaseKhanada zichatshazelwa ziimeko ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka ifuthe lokutsha kwehlathi.
Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luyakunceda ufumane ukuqonda okunzulu kweempawu kunye nembonakalo yomhlaba yeentaba zeRocky.