Enye yezona ndawo ziluhlaza kwiplanethi yonke ethathwa njenge "lung" yoMhlaba yiAmazon. Yindawo yendalo eyenziwe ngamahlathi kunye namahlathi ashinyeneyo ahlala kwizigidi zeentlobo, uninzi lwazo lungaziwa nanamhlanje. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo sisalathisi somgangatho we-ikhosistim kunye namandla okuxhasa ubomi. Ke ngoko Izilwanyana zaseAmazon Ibe yinto yokufunda kuphando oluninzi kwihlabathi liphela.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nezilwanyana zaseAmazon.
Izilwanyana zaseAmazon
Zininzi iintlobo ezingaziwayo kuba zininzi kakhulu kwaye zinobomi. Kukho iintlobo zezityalo ezinkulu ezinikwe ubushushu obukhoyo kunye neemeko zokufuma. Imozulu ebalaseleyo yetropiki ibonakaliswa imvula ephezulu unyaka wonke kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wokufuma. Ezi zinto zijikelezayo zomoya zibonelela ngemeko yokusingqongileyo eyimfuneko ukukhuthaza ukukhula kobomi.
Siyabona ukuba zombini iintyatyambo nezilwanyana zaseAmazon yenye yezona zinto zinkulu ebomini emhlabeni. Kwaye ihlathi laseAmazon likhaya kwizigidi zezigidi ezi-2.5 zezinambuzane, amashumi amawaka eentlobo zezityalo kunye neentaka ezingama-2.000 XNUMX nezilwanyana ezanyisayo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ziye zafunyanwa Ubuncinci iintlobo ezingama-2.200 zeentlanzi, iintaka ezili-1.300, izilwanyana ezingama-427, izilwanyana ezingama-amphibiya ezingama-428 kunye nezirhubuluzi ezingama-378. Iinzululwazi zezona zifumanisa zize zihlele ezi ntlobo zezilwanyana ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zazo kunye nendawo ezihlala kuyo.
Uhlobo olunye kwezintlanu lweentlanzi lwaziwa luhlala kwimilambo kunye nemilambo yaseAmazon. Kuyaziwa ukuba kwinqanaba elifanayo kukho iintlobo zeentaka ezivela kwihlabathi lonke ezihlala kumahlathi emvula aseAmazon. Phantse kuyo yonke iplanethi singafumana izilwanyana ezihlala kwezi ndawo. Onjalo amathuba okuba uhlobo olunye kwezilishumi zezilwanyana ezaziwa naphi na emhlabeni zihlala kwihlathi elinemvula laseAmazon. Ezi datha zenza iAmazon ineyona ngqokelela inkulu yezilwanyana kunye nezityalo emhlabeni.
Impembelelo kwizityalo nakwizilwanyana zeAmazon
Umntu ubangela iimpembelelo ezininzi kwindalo yendalo kuba efuna ukukhupha izixhobo zayo. Ingxaki ilele xa ukukhutshwa kwezixhobo kugqitha kwisantya sohlaziyo olufanayo. Ngamanye amagama, kukho ukuxhaphaza okugqithisileyo kwemithombo yendalo. Izilwanyana zaseAmazon ziyabonakala ichaphazele kakubi amashumi eminyaka zizenzo zabantu. Kwaye yeyokukhupha izixhobo zendalo i-ecosystem itshintshelwe kwinqanaba lokuba ithobeke. Inkqubo yendalo ethotyiweyo iphelela ekuqhekekeni nasekunciphiseni umgangatho wendalo, ukuze izinto eziphilayo zingabinandawo yokuhlala.
Enye yeempembelelo zokusingqongileyo kule ndawo kukugawulwa kwamahlathi. Ukutsha kwamahlathi kutsha nje kube nempembelelo entle kwizilwanyana zaseAmazon ukuya kwinqanaba lokuncitshiswa kweentlobo ezininzi. Izilwanyana zalo mmandla zisengozini enkulu kwaye izilwanyana ezininzi zisengozini yokuphela. La mahlathi kunye namahlathi akweleenjiko kunzima ukuwahlola ngenxa yobuninzi bawo kwimbali. Nangona kunjalo, ngokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji kulula kakhulu ukungena kwihlathi.
Iintaka nezirhubuluzi
Siza kuvavanya zonke izilwanyana zendalo zaseAmazon. Siqala ngeentaka. Ngakumbi hlala izikhwenene, iingcungcu, ii-toucans, ii-raptors kunye noongqatyana. Eyona mpumelelo idumileyo yale ecosystem zii-macaws. Ziyaziwa ukuba zinamaphiko aluhlaza kunye nomlomo ogogekileyo.
IiToucans ziintaka ezihlala kumahlathi ashinyeneyo eAmazon kwaye yenye yezona ndawo zixhaphakileyo kwezi ndawo. Ezona ntlobo zininzi zeToucan zezona zinentsiba emnyama, umqala omhlophe kunye nomlomo omde weorenji onendawo emnyama kwincam. Olunye udidi lweentaka lukhozi olunamandla kunazo zonke. Phakathi kweentaka zasebusuku sinesikhova esibukekayo esinomzimba omhlophe kunye nentloko emnyama engqukuva.
Ngokubhekisele kwizirhubuluzi, sifumana iintlobo ezininzi. Phakathi kwezona zidumileyo zezi Boas, iguana kunye neebamba. Eyona idumileyo yi-iguana yi-iguana eluhlaza. Ukuba yintabalala esasazeke nkqu nakwintsimi yokuthinjwa. Iifudo ziqhelekile kwaye ungathetha ngofudo olufana nolunemilenze etyheli kunye nobukhulu obukhulu.
Amphibians kunye nezilwanyana ezanyisayo
Ii-Amphibian zisasazeke kwizilwanyana zasekhaya zaseAmazon. Uninzi lwezi zilwanyana zinetyhefu, kodwa zibonakala ngokulula ngenxa yombala wazo oqaqambileyo. Lo mbala ulumkisa amarhamncwa ngobungakanani betyhefu amaxhoba anokuba nayo. Elinye lala ma-amphibhi aziwa ngesihlungu sawo ligatya legolide. Ithathwa njengeyona inetyhefu yasemanzini emhlabeni. Kukho ezinye iintlobo zexoxo ezincinci ezinokulinganisa ukuya kwiisentimitha ezimbini ubuninzi.
Kwelinye icala, ezona zilwanyana zixhaphakileyo kumahlathi ashinyeneyo eAmazon ziinkawu nezinambuzane. Ezona ntlobo zidumileyo zeenkawu yi howler monkey. Kolu hlobo kukho iintlobo ezininzi. Eyona nto iphambili kuyo ngumnxeba owunika igama lawo. Umsila wayo ungaphambili kwaye unombono ofana kakhulu nalowo wendoda. Ngokubhekisele kwizityalo, kukho iindidi ezisixhenxe ezahlukeneyo, nganye inempawu zayo. Yima geqe puma, jaguar, ocelot, margay, colocolo, phakathi kwabanye.
Ezinye zeentlobo zezilwanyana ezanyisayo kunye nokutya okukhoyo kwizilwanyana zaseAmazon yibhere ebukekayo kunye netayra. Esi silwanyana sinomdla omnivorous kwaye sikhangeleka sifana neso weasel. Kukho nezinye iintlobo ze-artiodactyls, apho sifumana khona iinyamakazi, iinkomo, iigusha kunye neehagu.
Ukuba siya kwindawo ye-ecosystems engasemlanjeni, sifumana amaxesha amaninzi njengamahlengesi wamanzi amnandi, intlanzi yediski, intlanzi ye-tambaqui, njl. Okokugqibela, sihlalutya izinambuzane kunye neearachnids safumana iintlobo ezininzi zezinambuzane ezinje nge amabhu, iinyosi, oonomeva, ooqongqothwane, iimpukane, iimbovane, kunye neengcongconi. Uninzi lweengcongconi zihambisa izifo ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nesifo seengcongconi.
Le ntaka inolu lwazi inokufunda ngakumbi ngezilwanyana zeAmazon kunye neempawu zayo.