Un inyikima enkulu ye-6,2 Inyikima enomlinganiselo we-1 kwisikali sikaRichter ihlasele isiqithi saseJapan iHokkaido, kumantla elizwe, kusasa ngoMvulo. Nangona ingazange ibangele isilumkiso setsunami, isebenze kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokujonga umonakalo onokubakho emhlabeni. Le nyikima ivakale kakhulu kwisixeko sase-Urahoro esiselunxwemeni nakwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezisemantla naphakathi kweJapan.
Amagunya aseJapan, ngokusebenzisa I-Arhente yeMeteorological yaseJapan (JMA) Abasemagunyeni kunye norhulumente ophakathi bacele ukuba kuqatshelwe kwiintsuku ezizayo, ingakumbi ngenxa yomngcipheko wokuwa kwamatye, ukudilika komhlaba, kunye neenyikima ezinokubakho. Kubemi baseYurophu kunye nabahambi eJapan, esi siganeko sigxininisa ukubaluleka kokwazi imigaqo esisiseko yongxamiseko kwilizwe elinomoya omkhulu wokunyikima.
Iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo malunga nenyikima kwisiqithi saseHokkaido
Inyikima irekhodwe kwi 05:23 a.m. ixesha lasekuhlaleni Inyikima iqale ngoMvulo (ngeCawa nge-22:23 emva kwemini kwilizwekazi laseSpain), kwaye isiqalo sayo sikwinxalenye esemazantsi yesithili saseTokachi eHokkaido. Ngokutsho kwe-Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), i-hypocenter yayikubunzulu obumalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-83, umgangatho ophakathi onceda ekuchazeni isizathu sokuba inyikima ivakale kwindawo ebanzi.
Kwisikali se-seismic saseJapan, esilinganisa inqanaba lokushukuma kumphezulu kwaye siqala ku-0 ukuya ku-7, Ubukhulu obukhulu obubonweyo yayiyi-5+ kwidolophu yase-Urahoro, kufutshane kakhulu nonxweme olusempuma yeHokkaido. Eli nqanaba lithetha ukuba ukuhamba ngaphandle kokubambelela kwinto ethile kunokuba nzima, izinto ziyatshintsha, kwaye enye ifenitshala inokudilika.
Ukongeza kwi-Urahoro, i-JMA ibike ukuba inyikima ivakale ngamandla aphakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-1 kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemimandla yase- eTohoku naseKantoEmazantsi, le nyikima ichaphazele iindawo ezikumntla-mpuma nakwiindawo ezithile zommandla ophakathi welizwe. I-US Geological Survey (USGS) ibonise ukuba impembelelo enokubakho kubemi iphantsi, ngokuyinxenye kuba indawo ekufutshane nendawo ebangela le ntlekele ayinabemi baneleyo, malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-200 empuma yeSapporo, ikomkhulu lesiqithi.
Emva kokunyikima okukhulu, iarhente yaseJapan ichaze ukuba Akukho zinyikima zimbi ezirekhodiweyo ngamandla 1 okanye ngaphezulu kwisikali sayo, nangona "intshukumo yomhlaba yexesha elide" yobukhulu 1 ifunyenwe kwiindawo ezithandathu ezahlukeneyo zaseHokkaido, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba kukho umsebenzi othile wokunyikima oqhubekayo ujongwa.
Akukho silumkiso setsunami, kodwa kukho ukubekwa esweni komhlaba
Omnye wemiyalezo yokuqala esemthethweni yayikukuba "Akukho mngcipheko we-tsunami" ezinxulumene nale nyikima. I-JMA iwuthintele amathuba okuba kubekho ukudumba okungaqhelekanga okuchaphazela unxweme lwaseHokkaido, kwaye ngenxa yoko, akukho silumkiso setsunami esikhutshweyo kuloo ndawo.
Ngoko ke ingqwalasela yenkxalabo itshintshela kumhlaba oqinileyo. I-arhente yemozulu igxininise ukuba, kwiindawo eziye zathwaxwa kukunyikima okukhulu, Umngcipheko wokuwa kwamatye kunye nokudilika komhlaba uphezuluingakumbi kwiindawo ezithe tyaba nakwiindawo ezineentaba. Ukudibana kwenyikima enkulu kangaka kunye nemvula enkulu kunokubangela ukuba iindawo ezithe tyaba zingazinzi kwaye kubangele ukudilika komhlaba ngequbuliso.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, uluntu lwasekuhlaleni luceliwe ukuba lunike ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwi iimeko zemvula kwiintsuku ezizayo nokuphepha, kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukuhamba kwiindawo ezinobungozi bejografi, ingakumbi emva kweziganeko zemvula enkulu okanye engapheliyo.
Okwangoku, abasemagunyeni abakaxeleli naluphi na ubhubhani okanye umonakalo omkhulu wezinto eziphathekayo, nangona uvavanyo lweziseko zophuhliso, iindlela kunye nezindlu luqhubeka. Inkulumbuso yaseJapan uSanae Takaichi uchaze ukuba urhulumente “wenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuqokelela ulwazi malunga nomonakalo kunye nokugcina uluntu lunolwazi,” kwaye wabhengeza ukudalwa kwe- iofisi yonxibelelwano izinikele ekuququzeleleni impendulo yenyikima.
Impembelelo kwiinkonzo, iziko lamandla enyukliya kunye nemeko yakutshanje yokunyikima komhlaba
Kwicandelo lamandla, inkampani yombane yaseHokkaido kunye nomsasazi woluntu i-NHK baxele ukuba Isikhululo samandla enyukliya saseTomariEsi sikhululo sikwisiqithi ngokwaso, asibonisi zimpawu okanye umonakalo oqinisekisiweyo. Kuye kwenziwa uhlolo olongezelelweyo, kodwa okwangoku, iinkqubo zaso zokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko zithathwa njengesiqhelo.
Ngokuphathelele ezothutho, ezinye oololiwe basekuhlaleni kunxweme lwePasifiki EHokkaido, inkonzo kaloliwe imisiwe okwethutyana njengesilumkiso esikhawulezileyo ngelixa imizila kunye nezakhiwo zihlolwa. Okwangoku, umgca wesantya esiphezulu weHokkaido Shinkansen ugcine ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo, ugcina uninzi lonxibelelwano lwengingqi.
Le nyikima ye-6,2 magnitude yenzekile kwimeko ye- umsebenzi ophezulu wokunyikima kweli lizwe. Kwiveki nje ngaphambi koko, inyikima enobukhulu be-7,7 yahlasela i-Aomori Prefecture kunye neendawo ezithile zonxweme olusempuma, kuquka iHokkaido, yabangela isilumkiso se-tsunami, yabangela ukwenzakala kwabantu abaninzi, yaza yonakalisa izakhiwo kunye neziseko zophuhliso. Emva kweso siganeko, isilumkiso sasisele sikhutshwe malunga nomngcipheko weenyikima ezinamandla kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelizwe, kuquka neHokkaido ngokwayo.
I-JMA ikhumbula ukuba, ngokusekelwe kumava angaphambili, phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-20% yeenyikima ezinkulu Ezi nyikima zinokulandelwa zezinye iinyikima ezifanayo ngobukhulu. Ngenxa yoko, i-arhente yemozulu ibongoza abantu ukuba bahlale beqaphele ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho ezinye iinyikima ezingaphezulu kobukhulu obu-5 okanye ngaphezulu kangangeentsuku ezisixhenxe emva kwesiganeko esikhulu, benika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-48-72.
Urhulumente waseJapan ucele abemi abakwiindawo ezichaphazeleke kakhulu ukuba balandele imiyalelo esemthethweni kwaye bahlale bekulungele ukujamelana neenyikima ezinokubakho. Esi siphakamiso sisebenza kubemi basekuhlaleni nakumawaka abakhenkethi abakweli lizwe ngoku, uninzi lwabo luvela [kumazwe angachazwanga]. ISpain kunye namanye amazwe aseYurophuabathe kwiminyaka yakutshanje bandisa kakhulu uhambo lwabo oluya eJapan.
IJapan, iRing of Fire, kunye noko abahambi baseYurophu bafanele bakwazi
IJapan iphakathi I-Pacific Ring yoMliloLo mmandla ungomnye wemimandla ekhutheleyo kakhulu emhlabeni, apho iiplate ezininzi ze-tectonic zihlangana khona. Oku kwenza iinyikima zixhaphake kakhulu, nangona uninzi lwazo luphantsi kakhulu okanye luhlala kude neendawo ezinabantu abaninzi.
Ngenxa yolu hlobo lokwenyani lwejoloji, eli lizwe imithetho yokwakha echasene nokunyikima komhlaba iinkqubo ezingqongqo kakhulu zokulumkisa kwangethuba eziye zaphuculwa kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo kunye nezixhobo ezifana Imephu esebenzayo yeentaba-mlilo ezisebenzayo kunye neenyikima zamva njeIzakhiwo, iibhulorho, iindlela, kunye neziseko ezibalulekileyo zenzelwe ukumelana nokushukuma okukhulu nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuwa, nto leyo echaza isizathu sokuba, nangona iinyikima ziphindaphinda, umonakalo wabantu kunye nezinto ezibonakalayo awusoloko uphezulu njengoko umntu ebenokulindela.
ISebe leMicimbi yezeNgaphandle laseSpain likhumbuza abahambi abaya eJapan ukuba bafanele baziqhelanise noku kulandelayo: iiprotokholi ezisisiseko zesenzo Xa kukho inyikima, iingcebiso eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukubhalisa kwiRejista yabahambi yoMphathiswa okanye, ukuba uhlala apho ixesha elithile, kwiRejista yoBhaliso lweConsular ye-Embassy yaseSpain, ukuze kube lula ukufumana nokunceda abantu xa kukho imeko kaxakeka.
Kukwacetyiswa ukuba umntu athathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yoqeqesho okanye yokulungiselela eququzelelwe ziingcali zaseJapan, kunye nokuchonga kwangaphambili iindawo zokufuduka kunye neendawo zokukhusela Ikufutshane nendawo yokuhlala okanye indawo yokusebenza. Izixeko ezininzi zaseJapan zineendawo ezikhethiweyo kunye neemaphu ezithile ezibonisa apho kufuneka uye khona xa kukho inyikima enamandla okanye enye intlekele yendalo.
Esinye isincomo esixhaphakileyo, kubemi nakwiindwendwe, kukuba kubekho ibhegi engxamisekileyo esisiseko Ngomntu ngamnye: ukuzazi, imali ethile, amanzi, ukutya okungaboliyo, impahla ekhululekileyo nefudumeleyo, itotshi, unomathotholo okanye ifowuni ephathwayo enetshaja, kunye namayeza abalulekileyo. Kwimeko yokufuduka ngokukhawuleza, ukuba nezi zixhobo kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
Kwinyikima ekhoyo eHokkaido, iziseko zophuhliso ziphendule njengoko bekulindelwe kwaye akukho monakalo mkhulu uxeliweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ubukhali benyikima kunye nomxholo wentshukumo yakutshanje yenyikima zikhumbuza abo bahamba baya eJapan besuka eYurophu ukuba kuyacetyiswa ukuba bahlale bephaphile kwaye babe nolwazi olupheleleyo malunga... imithombo yolwazi esemthethweni, njenge-NHK yosasazo lukawonke-wonke okanye amajelo egunya lendawo, asasaza izilumkiso ngexesha langempela.
Inyikima enobukhulu obuyi-6,2 ehlasele iHokkaido yayiyenye yezona zibalulekileyo eJapan kwiiveki zakutshanje, nangona ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ingakhange ikhokelele kwingxaki enkulu: akukho silumkiso setsunami, umonakalo ubonakala uncinci, kwaye iziseko ezibalulekileyo, kubandakanya isikhululo samandla enyukliya saseTomari kunye nenethiwekhi ephambili yezothutho, zisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, indibaniselwano yeenyikima ezinokwenzeka, umngcipheko wokudilika komhlaba, kunye nomsebenzi omkhulu wokunyikima kulo mmandla kugcina abasemagunyeni bephaphile kwaye kuqinisa ukubaluleka kokuba abemi basekuhlaleni kunye nabahambi baseYurophu baqaphele imigaqo yokhuseleko kwaye balandele ngokusondeleyo izikhokelo ezisemthethweni kwiintsuku ezizayo.
