uDonald Trump Ube, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, omnye wawona manani aphikisanayo nadumileyo kwezopolitiko zaseMelika kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Umzobo wakhe uye wahlukanisa uluvo loluntu kuzwelonke nakwihlabathi jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, enye yezona zinto zimkhathazayo kwilifa lakhe sisimo sakhe sengqondo malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ngakumbi isigqibo sakhe sokurhoxisa iMelika Isivumelwano saseParis.
Oko ethathe isikhundla sikamongameli, ngexilongo Uye wabonakalisa ukuthandabuza okuphawulekayo ngotshintsho lwemozulu yaye uye wavakalisa inkolelo yakhe yokuba uninzi lwezilumkiso zenzululwazi ngale ngxaki zibaxiwe okanye azinasihlahla. Le ndlela iye yaphakamisa inkxalabo phakathi kweenkokeli ezininzi zehlabathi kunye nabalweli bendalo ababona ulawulo lwakhe njengesongelo kwiinzame zehlabathi zokulwa nokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Nangona kunjalo, kwincoko yakutshanje kunye noMongameli waseFransi UEmanuel MacronUTrump uthe uzimisele ukufuna isisombululo kutshintsho lwemozulu ngexesha lakhe. Le nkcazo ivelise ukungaqiniseki: ngaba uyitshintshile ngokwenene ingqondo yakhe okanye ngaba nje isicwangciso sezopolitiko sokufumana inkxaso eYurophu?
El Isivumelwano saseParis, eyasayinwa ngamazwe e-195 ngoDisemba 2015 kwaye yaqinisekiswa yi-26 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, yayiyindima ebalulekileyo kwi-diplomacy yendalo. Kwesi sivumelwano, amazwe azibophelele ekunciphiseni ubushushu behlabathi bunyuke bube ngaphantsi kwe-2 degrees celcius ngaphezu kwamanqanaba aphambi koshishino nokwenza iinzame zokuwunciphisa ukuya kutsho kwi-1.5 degrees. Nangona kunjalo, isigqibo sikaTrump sokurhoxisa i-United States kwesi sivumelwano ngoJuni ka-2017 sibonwe njengesibetho esibi kwiinzame zehlabathi zokulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nesi sihloko apha impembelelo uTrump abenayo kwiSivumelwano saseParis.
Kwiingxelo zakhe, uTrump waxoxa ukuba iSivumelwano saseParis sibeka emngciphekweni Ishishini laseMelika kwaye lixhelekile kunye amazwe ezinkulu ezingcolisa ezifana iTshayina e Indiya . I-rhetoric yakhe ibuze ukuzinikela kwe-United States kwimigaqo-nkqubo yezendalo kwaye yakhuthaza ukugxekwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Kwi-tweet, uTrump wade wathi umbono wokufudumala kwehlabathi wenziwa ngamaTshayina ukwenza ukuba imveliso yaseMelika ikhuphisane. Ngapha koko, inika umdla ukuqwalasela indlela Utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nobushushu behlabathi Ziingqiqo ezahlukeneyo ezidla ngokubhidaniswa kolu didi lweengxoxo.
Oku kuthandabuza kuye kwabonakala kwimigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo lwakhe, oluye lwaba noxanduva lokudiliza abaninzi imimiselo yokusingqongileyo esekwe lulawulo lwangaphambili. Ukusuka ekutshitshiseni iSicwangciso saMandla acocekileyo ukuphelisa imimiselo yokukhutshwa kwe-methane, uTrump uye waqinisa umgaqo-nkqubo obeka phambili ukuveliswa kwamafutha e-fossil kumandla acocekileyo. Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yabo yokutshintsha kwemozulu, bona eli nqaku Ukupheliswa kukaTrump kwemigaqo-nkqubo yemozulu.
Impembelelo yeHlabathi yemigaqo-nkqubo kaTrump
Izigqibo zikaTrump azizange zichaphazele iUnited States kuphela, kodwa ziye zanempembelelo impembelelo yehlabathi kwiinzame zokunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu. Ngokohlalutyo olwenziwa ngu Ikhabhoni emfutshane, kuqikelelwa ukuba ukunyulwa kwakhe kwakhona kunokubangela malunga ne-4.000 yeebhiliyoni zeetoni ngaphezulu Ukukhutshwa kweegesi zegreenhouse ngo-2030 xa kuthelekiswa nemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente UJoe Biden. Oku kubonisa ukubuyisela umva okubonakalayo kwiinzame zokufikelela usukelo lokunciphisa ungcoliso. I ubungqina bokutshintsha kwemozulu Igqithisa kwaye iyaqhubeka ikhula.
Ngaphandle kokukhanyela kukaTrump malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ubungqina besayensi buyaqhubeka buqokelelana. I Ulawulo lweSizwe loLwandlekazi kunye ne-Atmospheric (NOAA) uye waxela ukuba iilwandle ziyafudumala kwaye iziganeko zemozulu embi kakhulu ziya zisiba ninzi kwaye ziqatha. Konke oku kuqaqambisa imfuno engxamisekileyo yentshukumo ebalulekileyo, elungelelanisiweyo yehlabathi ukulungisa le ngxaki. Ukongeza, i ifuthe lokutshintsha kwemozulu kumazwe ahlukeneyo Kusisikhumbuzo sokuba sonke sinxibelelene.
Ukongeza, amanye amazwe, nalawo ebengavisisani ne-United States, athatha amanyathelo akhawulezileyo ukulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu. IManyano yaseYurophu kunye namazwe afana neTshayina athe atyala imali eninzi kuwo iiteknoloji zamandla ahlaziyekayo, ifuna ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwayo kumafutha efosili kunye nokuhlangabezana nezibophelelo zeSivumelwano saseParis. Oku kugxininisa indlela ukungabikho kobunkokeli base-US okunokuthi kube nefuthe kwintsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Unokufunda malunga ne amanyathelo okuziqhelanisa nokutshintsha kwemozulu eYurophu ukufumana umbono ocacileyo wamalinge ehlabathi.
Iimpendulo zamazwe ngamazwe kuKwala kweMozulu kukaTrump
Ukuma kukaTrump kubangele iimpendulo ezahlukahlukeneyo kumazwe ngamazwe. Kwelinye icala, iinkokeli ezininzi ziye zavakalisa ezazo ukuphoxeka kunye nenkxalabo malunga nolwalathiso oluthatyathwe yiUnited States phantsi kolawulo lwakhe. Isigqibo sikaTrump sokurhoxa kwiSivumelwano saseParis sagxekwa njengokungakhathali ziinkokeli ezininzi zehlabathi, ezigxininisa ukubaluleka kwentsebenziswano yehlabathi ukujongana nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Kwelinye icala, ezinye izizwe zibone oku njenge ithuba ukomeleza ezabo izibophelelo zemozulu. Ukungabikho kwe-United States kwiingxoxo zokutshintsha kwemozulu kuye kwavumela amanye amazwe ukuba adlale indima ebonakalayo ekufuneni izisombululo ezizinzileyo kunye nokukhuthaza amandla acocekileyo. Ngale ndlela, kunomdla ukujonga indlela UTrump uyaqhubeka nokuthandabuza ukuthatha kwakhe inxaxheba kwiSivumelwano saseParis.
Ngaphandle kokwala kukaTrump utshintsho lwemozulu, inyani iqala ukubetha ekhaya. Uqoqosho lwaseMelika. Iimeko zemozulu ezigqithisileyo ziye zandisa iindleko zokubuyisela kunye neziseko ezithintekayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiinkanyamba ezitshabalalisayo ukuya kwimililo emikhulu. Uluntu lwezoshishino lukwaqala ukuqaphela ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu lubeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwimisebenzi yabo kunye nokubonelela. Intsebenziswano phakathi kokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye noqoqosho ngumba okhulayo obalulekileyo namhlanje.
Ikamva Lokutshintsha Kwemozulu eU.S.
Ukujonga phambili, utshintsho kulawulo lunokuba nempembelelo enkulu kumgaqo-nkqubo wemozulu e-United States, ngakumbi ukuba uTrump uthatha isigqibo sokubuyela kumongameli. Kukho inkxalabo malunga nokuba imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neengcinga zabo ziya kuyichaphazela njani na decarbonization yoqoqosho lwase-US kunye nendlela okuya kuba nefuthe ngayo kwihlabathi. I Uvavanyo lwelifa layo kutshintsho lwemozulu kunokuba luncedo kulo mongo.
Iingcali zilumkisa ngelithi ukuba uTrump uphinde wayichitha imigaqo-nkqubo yemozulu ephunyeziweyo ngexesha leBiden, oko kuya kubangela ukwanda kokuphuma kwegesi eluhlaza kunye nokubuyela umva kumlo ochasene nobushushu behlabathi. Oku kunokukhuthaza umjikelo wokungasebenzi kwaye kuqhubekisele phambili ingxaki yemozulu esijongene nayo. Ngale ndlela, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ezi zigqibo zinokuchaphazela njani Izixeko ezisesichengeni ezinokunyamalala ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Njengoko uluntu lwehlabathi luqalisa iinzame zokunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwe-U.S. kubalulekile. Imbali ibonise ukuba nasiphi na isenzo esinentsingiselo sokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse kufuneka ibandakanye intsebenziswano kunye nabakhuphayo abakhulu, kwaye iUnited States yenye yazo.
Ubungqina benzululwazi malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu abunakuphikiswa, kwaye iziphumo ziya zibonakala ngokubonakalayo. Uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe lulindele ukuba ubunkokeli kumlo ochasene nokutshintsha kwemozulu buvela kuwo onke amazwe, kuquka ne-United States, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ulawulo olunamandla. Uxinzelelo lokwenza ngokufanelekileyo luyaqhubeka nokukhula, kwaye kucacile ukuba ikamva leplanethi lixhomekeke kuyo.
- Ukutshintsha kwemozulu yintlekele yehlabathi efuna amanyathelo adibeneyo.
- Imigaqo-nkqubo kaTrump ibe nefuthe elibalulekileyo kubume bemozulu yehlabathi.
- Iinkokeli zehlabathi zigxininisa ukubaluleka kwentsebenziswano ukujongana nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
- Imozulu embi kakhulu ayichaphazeli imo engqongileyo kuphela kodwa noqoqosho.
