Ngomhla we-12 kweyeThupha, uninzi lwelizwe laseSpain lulungiselela ukufumana amava ukufiphala kwelanga ngokupheleleyo eSpain Iza kubonakala kwisiqithi okokuqala emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu. Iza kuba yinto emfutshane, eyenzeka ekutshoneni kwelanga, kodwa inempembelelo enkulu yesayensi, yenkcubeko, neyezokhenketho, kangangokuba iindawo ezininzi zokubukela zibhukishwe ngokupheleleyo kangangeenyanga.
La Indlela yokuphelela iya kunqumla i-Iberian Peninsula ukusuka kumntla-ntshona ukuya empumaUkusuka kunxweme lwaseGalician ukuya kwiZiqithi zaseBalearic, ukufiphala kwelanga kushiye izixeko needolophu emva kwako, kwangena ebumnyameni imizuzwana embalwa okanye ngaphezulu kancinci komzuzu onesiqingatha. Oorhulumente bemimandla, amaziko okujonga izinto, kunye namaziko esayensi aqalise ukulungelelanisa imizamo yokulungiselela ukubukela, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, kunye nokusebenzisa umdla woluntu njengethuba lemfundo.
Kuza kubonakala nini kwaye phi ukufiphala kwelanga ngokupheleleyo eSpain?
Ngokutsho kweNational Geographic Institute, ISpain ikwinqanaba lokugqibela lenani elipheleleyoKungoko ke, kwintsimi yethu ilanga liza kuba kufutshane kakhulu nomphezulu osentshona. Yiyo loo nto liza kuba yimfuneko fumana indawo enomphetho ocacileyo wasentshona, ngaphandle kweentaba okanye izakhiwo ezivala umbono kwiinqanaba zokugqibela zokuphakama kwelanga.
Umcu wokuphela kwayo yonke into Iza kuhamba inqumla ipeninsula ukusuka eGalicia ukuya ePalma de Mallorca.ichaphazela izixeko ezifana ne-Oviedo, iLeón, iBilbao, iZaragoza, kunye neValencia. EGalicia, ukufiphala kwelanga kuza kuqala ngentsimbi yesi-19:31 emva kwemini kuze kuphele ngentsimbi yesi-21:22 emva kwemini; kwiZiqithi zaseBalearic, kuza kuqala malunga nentsimbi yesi-19:38 emva kwemini kuze kufikelelwe kwincopho ephezulu malunga nentsimbi yesi-20:32 emva kwemini, njengoko ilanga litshona.
Ku malunga ukufiphala kwelanga okokuqala okubonakalayo kwiSithili sase-Iberia ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20Oku kuchaza umdla omkhulu kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwamaziko phantse kuzo zonke iindawo ezikufutshane nendlela yesiganeko.
Iindawo ezilungileyo zokujonga kwiPeninsula nakwiZiqithi zaseBalearic
Kwisiqingatha esisemantla seSithili sase-Iberia, I-Oviedo, iLeón, iPalencia, iBurgos kunye neTeruel zezinye zezixeko ezineendawo ezilungileyo Ukuze ubone ukufiphala kwelanga phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, ngokutsho kweNational Astronomical Observatory. Kwiindawo ezininzi, ukufiphala kwelanga kuya kuhlala phakathi kwemizuzwana engama-30 nangaphezulu kancinci komzuzu onesiqingatha, kuxhomekeke kwindawo echanekileyo. Ukuze uqonde umongo wale meko, jonga inqaku elimalunga nokukhanya kwelanga. ukufiphala kwelanga okuthathu nto leyo eza kuchaphazela isiqithi.
I-Aragon ivela njengenye yeendawo ezibalaseleyo: Ukusithwa kwelanga kuya kubonakala kwiindawo ezingama-594 eAragon.Kwaye kwi-157 yazo, iimeko zejometri ziya kuba ntle kakhulu. I-arhente karhulumente igxininisa iphondo laseTeruel njengenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zokujonga kulo lonke eli phondo, apho abanye oomasipala benandipha malunga nomzuzu omnye kunye nemizuzwana engama-43 yobumnyama obupheleleyo. Impembelelo kulo mmandla ibonakala kugubungela ngaphezulu. ukhenketho lwasemaphandleni eTeruel.
Kuluntu lwaseMadrid, i Indawo epheleleyo iya kuchaphazela kuphela inxalenye esemantla yommandlaNangona kunjalo, oomasipala abaninzi basaza kuwela ngaphakathi kwendlela. Urhulumente wengingqi uqikelela ukuba amaxesha okuhamba aphakathi kwemizuzwana engama-30 ukuya kwengama-90, kuxhomekeke kwindawo ekhethiweyo.
Phakathi kwezinto ezibalaseleyo eMadrid kukho Somosierra, Buitrago de Lozoya, La Cabrera, El Molar, Meco okanye San Agustín de Guadalixkunye neNavacerrada Pass, iColmenar Viejo, iAlcalá de Henares, iTres Cantos, kunye neSan Sebastián de los Reyes. Kuwo wonke lo mmandla, kulindeleke ukuba ukufiphala okungaphelelanga kuqale malunga ne-19:30 p.m., ukufiphala okupheleleyo malunga ne-20:32 p.m., kunye nokutshona kwelanga malunga ne-21:17 p.m.
Kwiziqithi zaseBalearic, ilanga liya kufiphala xa sele litshonile, ukuze Ukukhetha indawo yokubukela kuya kuba yinto ebaluleke ngakumbiEzi ziqithi zikwindawo yokugqibela yokuzaliswa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye nayiphi na imiqobo enokubakho inokubangela ukuba le nto ingabonakali ngokupheleleyo.
Uvavanyo lokubonakala kwiZiqithi zaseBalearic ukukhetha indawo engcono
Yazi loo nto Ilanga liza kuba liphantsi kakhulu ngexesha lokusithwa kwelanga.Urhulumente waseBalearic uyile isicwangciso esikhethekileyo: uvavanyo lokubonakala nge-29 ne-30 ka-Epreli ukuze nabani na akwazi ukujonga kwangaphambili ukuba uza kuyibona yonke into ikwimeko entle na ukusuka kwindawo ethile.
Le ngcamango ilula kodwa iyasebenza: Ngexesha elimiselweyo lendawo nganye, abemi bayamenywa ukuba bazibeke kwindawo abaceba ukubukela kuyo ukufiphala kwelanga. kwaye ujonge ngasekutshoneni kwelanga. Ukuba ilanga liyabonakala, liza kubonakala nangomhla we-12 kweyeThupha; ukuba akunjalo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufumane indawo ekufutshane enomphezulu ocacileyo.
Amaxesha ovavanyo amiselwe kwi-20:25 eMenorca, 20:26 emantla nasembindini weMallorca, 20:27 emazantsi esiqithi kunye ne-20:28 e-Ibiza naseFormentera. I-AstroMallorca, ukuzithandela kokhuselo loluntu kunye neYunivesithi yeZiqithi zaseBalearic Basebenzisana noRhulumente kweli nyathelo lisebenzayo.
Iingqwalaselo ezenziwe ngabasebenzi abaziingcali ziya kufakwa kwinkqubo yekhompyutha ukuze yakha imephu yeendawo ezikhuselekileyo nezifanelekileyo ukubukela ilanga kwiZiqithi zaseBalearic. Olu lwazi luza kondla kwiprotokholi yokhuseleko ethile ye-Eclipbal, eya kuhlanganiswa kwiSicwangciso soKhuseleko loLuntu seZiqithi zaseBalearic (Platerbal) ukuze kuququzelelwe ukuhambahamba, ukhuseleko, kunye nolawulo lwezihlwele ezinokubakho.
Kwangaxeshanye, urhulumente wengingqi uqalise iphulo lolwazi ngeelwimi ezininzi malunga neengcebiso ezisisiseko zokhuseleko, ifumaneka ngesiCatalan, iSpanish, isiNgesi, isiJamani nesiFrentshi, igxile kwizikhokelo zokukhusela amehlo kunye nokujonga ngokukhuselekileyo.
Iprojekthi yaseNavarre kunye ne-EKLIPSE: ukhuseleko, ukufikeleleka kunye nenethiwekhi yeembono
ENavarre, urhulumente wengingqi ucwangcise le projekthi ngokwesiganeko. I-EKLIPSE, iphulo lenkcubeko, lesayensi, lemfundo nelezoqoqosho egxile ekusithekeni kwelanga okubonakalayo ukusuka kumzantsi walo mmandla nge-12 ka-Agasti. Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yale nkqubo ihlaziywe ngomxholo omtsha ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhulayo zolwazi.
Phakathi kwezinto ezintsha kukho icandelo elithile malunga neengcebiso zokhuseleko nokujonga, echaza iinkcukacha zeempawu zeeglasi ezifunekayo ezivunyiweyo, ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kwezihluzo ezivunyiweyo kunye noluhlu lweendlela ekufuneka ziphetshwe ngenxa yeengozi ezibangelwa zizo kwimpilo yamehlo.
Elinye icandelo elibalulekileyo ligxile kwi Ukufikeleleka kwe-Eclipse kubantu abakhubazekileyoInkampani karhulumente i-NICDO isebenzisana ne-COCEMFE ukuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo zokujonga kunye nemisebenzi enxulumene nayo iyabandakanya, kokubini ngokubhekiselele ekufikeleleni ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nezixhobo zolwazi ezihlengahlengisiweyo.
Eli qonga likwabandakanya isixhobo sokukhangela koomasipala abangama-272 baseNavarreEsi sixhobo sikuvumela ukuba ujonge ukuba indawo ikwindlela yokuphelela okanye iza kubona ukufiphala okungaphelelanga. Kumasipala ngamnye, esi sixhobo sibonisa inani lemizuzwana yokuphelela kunye nexesha elichanekileyo lokufiphala.
Ngaphezu koko, inethiwekhi yamanqaku okujonga asemthethweni ali-17 ubuncinaneEzi ziquka iTudela, iMarcilla, iMendavia, iLarraga, iCascante, kunye neendawo ezikwiBardenas Reales ezifana neAguilares kunye ne-El Ferial. Indawo nganye iya kuba neprofayili eneenkonzo, ulwazi lokufikelela, imisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo, kunye neemephu, zibe yindawo encinci yomsitho.
I-Asturias, i-Aragon kunye ne-peninsula esemantla: iindawo ezinelungelo
Ngaphakathi kwifowuni "I-Iberia trio" yokukhanya kwelanga (2026, 2027 kunye no-2028)Eyokuqala kwezi iza kuba nefuthe elikhethekileyo kwinxalenye esemantla yeSiqingatha sase-Iberia. Umzekelo, i-Asturias izibonakalise njengenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zokubukela ukufiphala kwelanga, ngenxa yendawo ekuyo kwindlela yokuphelela kwayo nangenxa yoluhlu lwemisebenzi yemfundo enikezelwa ngaphambili.
Kumasipala waseAsturian waseColunga, inkqubo “I-Eclipse Asturias 2026. Isibhakabhaka esivela eParadesi” Ikhuthaze imisitho efana netafile ejikelezileyo ethi “The Eclipse. How to Observe It”, eququzelelwe eLlastres. Apho, iingcali kwi-astronomy, optics, biodiversity, imbali kunye nelifa zihlalutya indlela yokubona ukufiphala kwelanga ngokukhuselekileyo, impembelelo yako kwizilwanyana, i-ecosystems kunye noluntu lwabantu kulo lonke ixesha.
Amaziko athatha inxaxheba aquka I-Omega Astronomical Association, iKholeji yeeNgcali zamehlo kunye neeNgcali zamehlo zase-Asturias, iJoint Research Institute on Biodiversity kunye neqela leLlabor-Social LANDScape kwiYunivesithi yaseOviedo, libonelela ngembono eyahlukeneyo ngale meko.
E-Aragon, umdla uphindwe kabini: kwelinye icala, Ibhendi yobumnyama obukhulu idlula kwiidolophu ezininziukutsala ukhenketho olukhethekileyo kunye nokubhukisha iihotele kwangethuba; kwelinye icala, imisebenzi yolwazi kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko ayacwangciswa ukulawula ukuhamba kweendwendwe kwiidolophana ezincinci.
Kwangaxeshanye, kwiindawo ezifana neCastile neLeón, eCantabria, kwiLizwe laseBasque okanye kwiLizwe laseValencian, Iidolophu ezinkulu ezininzi zephondo zikwindlela okanye kufutshane kakhulu nendlela.kunye neenkqubo zayo zokufikelela ebantwini kunye neengcebiso ezisemthethweni zosuku lwesiganeko.
ICatalonia kunye nemfundo: ukufiphala kwelanga kwiiklasi
ECatalonia, iSebe loPhando neeYunivesithi kunye neSebe leMfundo baqalise le projekthi "Kufihlwe. Ukufihlweka kwelanga kwigumbi lokufundela", iphulo elihlanganisa abaphandi abangaphezu kwamashumi amabini kwizifundo ezinxulumene nesayensi yezendalo.
Iinjongo zintlu-mbini: lungiselela eli qela ukuba linike iintetho ezimalunga namashumi amahlanu kumaziko emfundo ahambelana nokusithwa kwelanga, kwaye basebenzise eli thuba ukukhuthaza imisebenzi yesayensi kunye nokuqaqambisa indima yabasetyhini kuphando lweyunivesithi yaseCatalan.
Le nkqubo yinxalenye yesicwangciso-qhinga "ICatalonia ijonge esibhakabhakeni"eququzelela amanyathelo okufikelela ebantwini, ezothutho, kunye nokhuseleko olunxulumene nale meko. Ezi ntetho ziza kujoliswa ikakhulu kubafundi abakwibanga lesi-6 lesikolo samabanga aphantsi kunye nonyaka woku-1 wesikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, kusetyenziswa izixhobo zemfundo eziphuhliswe yiCatalan Foundation for Research and Innovation, i-Institute of Space Studies yaseCatalonia, kunye ne-Institute of Cosmos Sciences.
Ngeli xesha leeseshoni, siza kuchaza ukuba yintoni i-eclipse, yintoni ebangela oko, kwaye, ngokugxininisayo, Indlela yokuyijonga ngaphandle kokonakalisa amehlo akhoImfuneko yeeglasi eziqinisekisiweyo ngokwe-ISO 12312-2 iya kugxininiswa, kwaye ukufiphala kwelanga kuya kujongwana nako njengethuba lemfundo nelentlalo, kungekuphela nje njengomboniso obonakalayo.
Abasemagunyeni baseCatalan bagxininisa ukuba olu hlobo lweprojekthi Inceda le nto idlule umzuzu othile.ukuvelisa ulwazi oluhlala luhleli kubafundi nakwiintsapho zabo, abadla ngokubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi ecetywayo zizikolo.
Indima yeMadrid: amanqaku asemthethweni kunye nokusasazwa kweeglasi
Uluntu lwaseMadrid, nangona lusemngciphekweni wommandla opheleleyo, luveze isixhobo esithile sokuhambisa ukubonwa kokukhanya kwelangaPhakathi kwamanyathelo abhengeziweyo, uluhlu lwamanqaku alishumi elinanye apho kuza kuqinisekiswa khona ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo imizuzwana embalwa luyabonakala.
Iidolophu ezifana Somosierra, Buitrago de Lozoya, La Cabrera, El Molar, Meco, San Agustín de GuadalixI-Navacerrada Pass, i-Colmenar Viejo, i-Alcalá de Henares, i-Tres Cantos kunye ne-San Sebastián de los Reyes ziye zachongwa njengeendawo eziphambili kumantla alo mmandla.
Urhulumente wengingqi ukwaxele ukuba iza kusasaza iiglasi ezikhethekileyo eziqinisekisiweyo simahla ukuze kujongwe ngokukhuselekileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, kuqaliswe iphulo lokwazisa ngomonakalo onokubangelwa kukujonga ilanga ngaphandle kokhuseleko olufanelekileyo, kugxilwe kwi-retina.
Isikhokelo esisemthethweni sisikhumbuza nge iindlela ezicetyiswayo zokujonga: iiglasi ze-eclipse ezihambelana nomgangatho we-EN ISO 12312-2:2015, iiteleskopu, iibhayinokulayi okanye iikhamera ezixhotyiswe ngezihluzi zelanga eziqinisekisiweyo kwaye zilandela usasazo olusemthethweni oluququzelelwe zizikhungo zesayensi.
Ngokufanayo, kugxininiswa kakhulu iindlela ezingafanele zisetyenziswe phantsi kwayo nayiphi na imeko: iiglasi zelanga eziqhelekileyo, iglasi etshayiweyo, ii-x-reyi, ukujonga inkwenkwezi ngefowuni ephathwayo okanye iikhamera ezingenazo izihluzo, okanye ukuzama izihluzo ezenziwe ekhaya ezingaqinisekiswanga.
Ingqikelelo: ubushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nesigqubuthelo samafu esiyingozi
Ukusithwa kwelanga kuseza kwenzeka ngaphakathi ubushushu behlobo, elona xesha lifudumeleyo ngokwezibalo lonyaka ESpain, eli xesha lidla ngokuqala nge-15 kaJulayi ukuya kwi-15 ka-Agasti. Oku kuthetha amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, umoya oqhelekileyo wehlobo, kunye nokwenzeka kokuba kubekho iindudumo, ingakumbi emva kwemini.
Idatha yemozulu evela kwezinye izixeko ezikummandla opheleleyo inceda ekunikeni umbono. OviedoUbushushu obuqhelekileyo obuqhelekileyo nge-12 ka-Agasti bumalunga nama-23°C, kwaye imvula irekhodwa phantse kwiminyaka emithathu. ValladolidAmaqondo obushushu aphezulu adla ngokufikelela kwi-31°C kwaye imvula ina malunga ne-6% kuphela yeminyaka ngaloo mhla.
Kwimeko-bume yenkqubo yase-Iberia, imizekelo efana nale UMolina de AragonAmaqondo obushushu aphezulu aphakathi amalunga nama-30°C, kwaye malunga nenye kwezintlanu nge-12 ka-Agasti ifumana imvula. Nangona kunjalo, isitshixo sokubona ukufiphala kwelanga asikokuna kwemvula kodwa kukugquma kwamafu.
Uhlalutyo lwemifanekiso yesathelayithi phakathi kowama-2002 nowama-2025 lubonisa ukuba Uphuhliso lwamafu luqhelekile ngeli xesha lonyakaKwinkqubo yase-Iberia, amafu asakhulayo ayekho kwiminyaka eli-15 kwengama-24 ehlalutyiweyo, kwaye kummandla waseCantabrian, isigqubuthelo samafu esisezantsi okanye esitshintshayo safunyanwa kwiminyaka eli-18 yexesha elifanayo.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, nokuba akunamvula kwisikhululo semozulu esibhekisayo, Amafu anokunciphisa kakhulu ukubonakala kweLangaIngakumbi emva kwemini, xa ubushushu basemini buvumela ukwakheka kwezivuthuvuthu. Kwiimeko apho kukho amafu amaninzi okanye izivuthuvuthu ezinkulu, ukufiphala kwelanga bekungayi kubonwa kwiindawo ezinkulu zendlela.
Iminyaka emithathu edlulileyo ehlalutyiweyo (2023, 2024 kunye no-2025) isebenza njengesilumkiso: Izivuthuvuthu bezisoloko zikho kwindawo ejikeleze i-Iberian System.Kwaye ngo-2025, ukubonakala kokukhanya kwelanga okucingelwayo bekuya kuba kulinganiselwe phantse kuyo yonke indlela yokuphelela. Le meko igxininisa ukubaluleka kokulandela uqikelelo lwemozulu lwexesha elifutshane kwiintsuku ezikhokelela kwesi siganeko.
Iingcebiso zokhuseleko ngokubanzi zokujonga ukufiphala kwelanga
Ngaphaya kwezikhokelo ezithile zoluntu ngalunye, kukho ukuvumelana okucacileyo phakathi kwabasemagunyeni bezempilo yoluntu, iiarhente zokhuseleko loluntu, kunye nemibutho yesayensi: Ungaze ujonge ilanga ngaphandle kokhuseleko olufanelekileyonokuba igqunywe yiNyanga okanye kufutshane nomphezulu.
Las Iiglasi ze-Eclipse maziqinisekiswe kwaye zihambelane nomgangatho we-EN ISO 12312-2.ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyayithintela imitha eyingozi. Iiglasi zelanga eziqhelekileyo kunye nezisombululo ezenziwe ekhaya ezifana neglasi emnyama, imifanekiso engemihle, okanye ii-X-reyi azisebenzi, njengoko zingaboneleli ngokucoca rhoqo nokuthembekileyo.
Ukuba usebenzisa iiteleskopu, iibhayinokulayi okanye iikhamera, Kubalulekile ukufaka izihluzi zelanga eziqinisekisiweyo kwindawo yokungena yesixhobo.Akunakwenzeka ukuba ubukele ngaphandle kwesihluzo, okanye ngezihluzo ezingathandabuzekiyo, kunokubangela umonakalo ongenakuguqulwa kwimizuzwana embalwa, nokuba umntu obukeleyo akaziva ntlungu ngelo xesha.
Iiofisi ezininzi nazo zicebisa ukuba, Sebenzisa usasazo olusemthethweni oluququzelelwa ziiplanethi, ii-observatories, okanye amajelo eendaba kawonke-wonke.Ziyindlela ekhuselekileyo kwabo bangenazo izixhobo ezifanelekileyo okanye abakwiindawo apho amafu athintela ukuba zingabonwa ngokuthe ngqo.
Iiprotokholi zokhuseleko ziquka imiba yezendlela yokusebenza: Kuphephe ukuxinana kwiindawo ezingenandlela yokufikelela elungiselelwe kwangaphambili.Hlonipha imiyalelo yokhuseleko loluntu, cwangcisa uhambo lwakho kwangaphambili, kwaye uqwalasele uhambo lokubuya ebusuku emva kokuba le meko iphelile, xa izithuthi eziphumayo zinokwanda kwiidolophu ezincinci.
Njengoko indlela yokuwela ngokupheleleyo ukusuka eGalicia ukuya kwiZiqithi zaseBalearic, isiqingatha selizwe siya kujonga esibhakabhakeni ngomhla we-12 ku-Agasti. Ukudibana kweeprojekthi zokufikelela ebantwini ezifana ne-EKLIPSE eNavarre, iimvavanyo zokubona kwiZiqithi zaseBalearic, iinkqubo zemfundo eCatalonia, iindawo zokujonga ezisemthethweni eMadrid, kunye namanyathelo ase-Asturias nase-Aragon kupeyinta umfanekiso apho Isayensi, ukhuseleko, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kwabemi kuyadibana ukuze kusetyenziswe eli thuba likhethekileyo. kwizizukulwana ezininzi, ukuba nje imozulu iyasebenzisana kwaye nemithetho esisiseko yokujonga iyahlonitshwa.
