Kweli xesha lasehlotyeni, i ULwandle lweMeditera lujongene nemeko eethe-ethe. ngenxa yokunyuka okubalulekileyo kwamaqondo obushushu bamanzi. Iirekhodi zibonisa ukuba ulwandle sele lunamadigri amabini ngaphezu kwamaxabiso aqhelekileyo ngeli xesha lonyaka kwaye anokufikelela I-30 degrees ngaphambi kokuphela kwehlobo, inani elingazange libonwe ngaphambili kwisiseko esizinzileyo. Olu tshintsho aluchaphazeli nje kuphela abahlambi kunye namaqondo obushushu asebusuku elunxwemeni, kodwa lusongela ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo yendalo yonke yaselwandle., ezineziphumo ezibi kakhulu kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nomsebenzi wokuloba.
Iingcali, ezifana UManuel Vargas yeSpanish Institute of Oceanography kunye UMiguel Rodilla evela kwiYunivesithi yasePolytechnic yaseValencia, ibalaselisa ukuba kumashumi amabini eminyaka eyadlulayo la maqondo obushushu agqithisileyo ayengaqhelekanga kwaye ayesenzeka kumaza obushushu ahlukeneyo. Ngoku, lo mcimbi uye waba entsha eqhelekileyo, ngamaqondo obushushu ngaphezulu 28 degrees iiveki. Oku kufudumala kubangela ukuhla kumanqanaba eoksijini emanzini., echaphazela intlenga yaselwandle kwaye yenza kube mandundu ukufa kwabantu abaninzi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo.
Iimpembelelo kwi-ikhosistim nakushishino lokuloba
Ukuqhubela phambili kokunyuka kwe-thermal kubangela, ngokutsho kwezazinzulu, a isantya sokukhula kweTropiki kwiMediteraIintlobo ezininzi, ezifana ne-tellinas, azisakwazi ukuphinda zibuyele ekufeni okubangelwa ukushisa, ziyancipha kuzo zombini amanani kunye nobukhulu. ukuziqhelanisa nezilwanyana zaselwandle icotha kakhulu kunesantya sokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, nto leyo eshiya iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana zingenandawo yokusinda kwezo nguqu zikhawulezayo.
Ngokungathi oko akwanelanga, imeko iphinda ibe mandundu ngexesha lasebusika, apho kunqabile ukubona amanzi ngaphantsi kwe 14 okanye 15 degrees, xa ngaphambi kokuba ibekwe kufutshane I-12 degreesOku kuthetha ukuba iinkqubo zebhayoloji kunye nomjikelo wobomi beentlobo ezininzi ziyatshintsha, kunye neziphumo ezinokuthi zibe kho kwi-ecosystem yonke yaselwandle.
Iziphumo zentlalo kunye nokuhlazeka konxweme
Ukunyuka kobushushu beMeditera kunefuthe elikhawulezayo kwi umoya obandayo obandayo ukhathazwa ngabahlali kunye nabakhenkethi kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni. Le meko iba mandundu ngakumbi ebusuku, nto leyo eyenza ukuphumla kube nzima ngakumbi kwaye kuchaphazela impilo kunye nempilo yabemi bendawo.
Ukongezelela, ulwandle olufudumeleyo lunikeza amandla amaninzi kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi amaza obushushu olwandle, ezinokwandisa iziganeko zemozulu ezinzulu ezifana nokudandatheka okuphakamileyo (ALDs), eziye zixhaphake ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye zinzima. Nangona ulungelelwaniso aluzenzekeli, ezi ziqendu zigqithisileyo zinokuchaphazela ngokucacileyo uqoqosho kunye nokhuseleko lonxweme.
Iinzame zecandelo lokuloba kunye nokukhangela izisombululo
Ujongene nale meko, i Icandelo lokuloba kwiMeditera yaseSpain ilungisa izicwangciso zayo ukuqinisekisa uzinzo. NgokukaMphathiswa wezoLimo, ukuLoba kunye noKutya, Luis PlanasAmanyathelo aphunyeziwe kwaye sele eqala ukubonisa iziphumo, kunye nokuchacha kwe-biomass kunye nokuncipha kokusweleka kokuloba kwezinye iintlobo. Nangona kunjalo, ukungaqiniseki kuyaqhubeka de kube phakathi kuDisemba, xa imida yokubambisa ibekiwe, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukucwangcisa kweenkampani zokuloba.
ISpain isebenza ngokubambisana namanye amazwe aseMeditera ukulungelelanisa imimiselo kunye neendlela zokuphonononga ezivumela ukuguquguquka okukhulu, okuhlala kuxhaswe ngezifundo zesayensi zamva nje. Iyagxininiswa imfuneko yokwamkelwa kwemida yeminyaka emininzi yokubambisa nokomeleza ulawulo oluchasene nokuloba okungekho mthethweni, ukukhuthaza ukulandeleka kunye neemfuno ezilinganayo zeemveliso zalapha ekhaya nezisuka kwamanye amazwe.
Yintoni enokwenziwa ngale meko?
Ngokujonga ngoku unxunguphalo lwemozuluAbaphandi bagxininisa ukubaluleka kokutshintsha imodeli yezoqoqosho exhasa ummandla weMeditera. Ngaphandle kwesenzo sehlabathi sokunciphisa i-greenhouse gases kunye nokuzinikela okuqinisekileyo ekuzinzeni, kuya kuba nzima ukuguqula umkhwa kunye nokuphepha umonakalo ongenakuguqulwa kuLwandle lweMeditera.
Le meko ifuna inyathelo elibanzi elibandakanya oorhulumente, uluntu lwenzululwazi, kunye noluntu ngokubanzi. Kuphela ngokuzibophelela okuhlangeneyo kuya kuba nokwenzeka ukunqanda iziphumo zokufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nokukhusela le nkqubo ibalulekileyo yendalo kwizigidi zabantu.
