Umahluko phakathi kotshintsho lwemozulu kunye nobushushu behlabathi

Abantu abaninzi badla ngokuyisebenzisa ngokungafanelekanga amagama okutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokufudumala kwehlabathi ngokungathi zizithethantonye. Nangona kunjalo, la magama abhekisa ku iikhonsepthi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ezibalulekileyo ekuqondeni imingeni yokusingqongileyo esijongene nayo namhlanje. Zombini ezi ngcamango zibonisa imiphumo eyingozi eyenziwa ngumntu kwiplanethi yethu, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba siyithathe amanyathelo okunciphisa ezi mpembelelo ngaphambi kokuba kuhlwe kakhulu.

Imo iyatshintsha ibhekisa kutshintsho olubalulekileyo kwiipateni zemozulu eziphembelela imiba engundoqo efana neqondo lobushushu, imvula, nomoya, okwenzeka kwishumi leminyaka nangaphezulu. Kunoko, i ukufudumala kwehlabathi ijolise ekonyukeni okuzinzileyo kobushushu obuphakathi boMhlaba.

Ukwanda kobushushu boMhlaba sisiphumo sokuqokelelwa kwe Igesi yendlu eluhlaza kwiatmosfera, isenzeko esithathwa njengento ebalulekileyo yokutshintsha kwemozulu. Le ngxaki ithathe a ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo Namhlanje, njengoko i-avareji yobushushu beplanethi iye yanda ngaphezu I-1.1 degrees ukususela ekuqaleni kwenguqu kwezoshishino ngenkulungwane ye-19. Ngokwezifundo zenzululwazi, ngenkulungwane yama-21, iqondo lobushushu linganyuka phakathi 1.1 kunye nama-6.4 degrees, nto leyo eyothusayo.

Iziphumo zoku ziguqulela kwimozulu embi kakhulu ebonakala kwiplanethi yonke. Kwimimandla emininzi, imvula iye yanda kakhulu, ibangela izikhukula ezitshabalalisayo, ngelixa ezinye iindawo zehlabathi ziye zafumana imvula. Imbalela enkulu. Oku kwahluka kwemozulu kubangela ukwanda kwamaza obushushu ngeenyanga zasehlotyeni, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwandeni kwabantu abaswelekayo nakwinani lokutsha kwamahlathi.

Umahluko phakathi kokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokufudumala kwehlabathi

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu ligama elibanzi elibandakanya kungekuphela nje ukufudumala kwehlabathi kodwa kunye noluhlu lweenguqu kwimozulu yoMhlaba ezichaphazela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. I inkcazelo yenzululwazi Imisela ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu luquka izinto ezinjengokunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle, ukucutheka komkhenkce nokunyibilika komkhenkce, kwakunye nokutshintsha kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo.

Los Igesi yendlu eluhlaza, ezijongene nokufudumala kwehlabathi, ziquka i-carbon dioxide (CO2), i-methane (CH4), i-nitrous oxide (N2O) kunye nezinye iigesi zamashishini. Ezi gesi zisebenza njengengubo ejikeleze uMhlaba, zibambe ubushushu esibhakabhakeni kwaye zenza kube nzima ukuba bubuchitheke esithubeni. Ukususela ekuqaleni kwexesha lezoshishino, imisebenzi yabantu, njenge Ukutshiswa kwezibaso kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi kuye kwakhupha izixa ezikhulu zezi zinto ziyingozi.

Impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu kwiintlobo-ntlobo zezinto eziphilayo

Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuneempembelelo ezininzi kwizinto eziphilayo zehlabathi. Njengoko amaqondo obushushu eqhubeka enyuka, iintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo ziyanyanzeleka ukuba zihambe ukulungelelanisa iindawo zabo zokuhlala okanye ufudukele kwiindawo ezintsha ukuze uphile. Oku kufuduka kunokubangela a ilahleko yendalo xa iintlobo zingakwazi ukufumana indawo efanelekileyo yokuhlala. Le nto ilindeleke ukuba iqhubeke kwaye ibonakale ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo.

Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi nokusetyenziswa komhlaba nako kunegalelo kwintlekele yemozulu. Ukusukela oko zaqalayo ezi zenzo zabantu, amandla eplanethi okufunxa i-CO2 ehle kakhulu. Enyanisweni, kuqikelelwa ukuba kulahleka izigidi zeehektare zamahlathi nyaka ngamnye, nto leyo eyenza kube mandundu ngakumbi ukufudumala komhlaba. Ilahleko yendawo yokuhlala ayichaphazeli nje kuphela izityalo nezilwanyana, kodwa iye nayo iimpembelelo ezinkulu kuluntu oluxhomekeke kwezi nkqubo zendalo ukuze baphile.

Iziphumo zobushushu bomhlaba

Iziphumo zokufudumala kwehlabathi ziquka ukwanda kwamaxesha kunye nobunzulu bezehlo zemozulu ezigqithisileyo, ezinjengezaqhwithi, iinkanyamba, imbalela, kunye nezikhukula. Ukongeza ekudaleni iimeko zemozulu ezibi kakhulu, ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuneziphumo ezininzi ezingathanga ngqo kwimpilo yoluntu, ukhuseleko lokutya, kunye nokuzinza kwezoqoqosho.

Umzekelo, i ukunqongophala kwamanzi nokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunokunciphisa imveliso yezolimo, nto leyo ebangela indlala kweminye imimandla. Ukunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle nako kunokukhukulisa imimandla engaselunxwemeni, kushenxise uluntu luphela kwaye kwandise inani labo ababaleki bemimoya.

Izifo zikwachatshazelwa kukutshintsha kwemozulu. Ukufudumala kwehlabathi kuye kwaboniswa ukuba kuququzelele ukusasazeka kwezifo ezosulelayo ezifana ne-dengue, i-malaria kunye ne-cholera, eziye zandiswa yimozulu engaqhelekanga.

Izenzo ezifunekayo ukunciphisa ezi ziphumo

Ukulwa nobushushu behlabathi kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu, kubalulekile ukuba sithathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo nasebenzayo. La manyathelo alandelayo abalulekile ukunciphisa iziphumo zawo:

• Ukwamkelwa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo: Kuthekani ukuba siqale ukutshintsha amafutha efosili ngamandla acocekileyo afana nelanga nomoya? Oku kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse.
• Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamahlathi: Ukukhusela amahlathi asele ekhona nokutyalwa kwemithi emitsha kubalulekile ekubuyiseleni ibhalansi yeCO2 emoyeni.
• Imfundo nokwazisa: Imfundo yokutshintsha kwemozulu ibalulekile ukuze abantu baqonde ubukhulu bengxaki kunye nendima yabo kwisisombululo.
• Imigaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente: Izizwe kufuneka zisebenzisane ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo ejongene nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokukhuthaza ukuzinza.

Amanyathelo ohlaziyo lwamahlathi, ngokukodwa, sisicwangciso esithembisayo sokulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Ukutyala imithi akugcini nje ukufunxa i-CO2, kodwa ixhasa i-biodiversity kunye nokunceda lawula umjikelo wamanzi. Ukuthatha inxaxheba koluntu kwiinkqubo zokuhlaziywa kwamahlathi kuyakhula kwaye kubonisa indlela indlela esebenzayo yokubandakanya abantu kumlo ochasene nokutshintsha kwemozulu.

Inkalo ebalulekileyo yokutshintsha kwemozulu kukuba akuyongxaki nje yokusingqongileyo; Kananjalo ineempembelelo ezinzulu kwezentlalo, ezoqoqosho nezopolitiko ekufuneka sizilungise. Ingxaki yemozulu ngumngeni ofuna inzame edibeneyo phakathi koorhulumente, amashishini kunye nabemi ukuqinisekisa ikamva elizinzileyo. ezinzileyo kwizizukulwana ezilandelayo.