Ukudakumba kunye ne-anticyclones zibhekisela kwiingcinezelo ezahlukeneyo emoyeni. Uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric lulinganiswa ngeemilibar (mbar). Imilibar ilingana newaka lebha., kunye nebha enye ilingana nomoya omnye (atm). Ukuqonda ukuba i-millibar ithetha ntoni, kuba umahluko kwiimilibar kummandla uvelisa ukudakumba kunye ne-anticyclones. Ngaphaya koko, inika umdla ukuqaqambisa i umahluko phakathi kwe-anticyclones kunye nokudakumba ngokunxulumene nezinye iziganeko ezifana nemilambo ye-atmospheric.
I-Anticyclones kunye nokudakumba zichongeka ngokulula kwimephu ngenxa ye isobars, eyimigca edibanisa amanqaku oxinzelelo olulinganayo. Ukuba uxinzelelo luphezulu kunesiqhelo, oko kukuthi, 1024 mb okanye ngaphezulu, sithetha nge-anticyclone. Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba uxinzelelo luphantsi, malunga 996 millibar, sibhekisela kuyo njengoqhwithela. Oku kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimozulu ehambelana nohlobo ngalunye loxinzelelo, kunye nakwi umahluko phakathi kwemozulu nemozulu.
I-Anticyclone
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-anticyclone ithathwa njengento ehambelana nayo imozulu ezinzile, okubandakanya isibhakabhaka esicacileyo, nelanga. Uxinzelelo lwayo lumalunga ne-1016 millibars okanye nangaphezulu. Ngexesha le-anticyclone, umoya uzinzile kunomoya ojikelezayo, wehla ukusuka emoyeni ukuya phezulu kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi "i-subsidence." Lo mcimbi unciphisa ukubunjwa kwemvula, ukudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zemisebenzi yangaphandle. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-anticyclones, unokuqhagamshelana ne i-anticyclone kunye neempawu zayo, njengokuba u-el I-Azores anticyclone.
Ukuhla komoya kuyahluka ngokwe-hemisphere. KuMntla weIkhweyitha, umoya wehla kwi-vortex efana newotshi, ngoxa kuMazantsi eIkhweyitha yeIkhweyitha, wenjenjalo ngokunxamnye newotshi. Oku kuguqulela kwi isibhakabhaka esicacileyo kunye neemeko zemozulu ezizinzileyo, ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngexesha lasehlotyeni. Nangona kunjalo, ebusika, nangona isibhakabhaka sihlala sicacile, sinokuvelisa ukuguquguquka kwe-thermal kunye nenkungu, ngakumbi kwiindawo zasedolophini, apho ungcoliseko lunokugxunyekwa. Ukuqonda ngcono imozulu, kuluncedo ukudibana no imephu yemozulu.
Isaqhwithi
Isiqhwithi, ngokungafaniyo ne-anticyclone, sinxulumene ixesha elingazinzanga. Oku kuquka isibhakabhaka esinamafu, imvula, kunye nekhephu ngamaxesha athile. Uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric lungaphantsi kwe-1016 millibars, ukuyenza indawo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi. Ukwazi olu lwazi kunceda abantu balungele izaqhwithi ezinokubakho, ezifana nezo zinokuzisa izaqhwithi ezifana noGloria kwaye nakwiimeko ezifana uhlalutyo lwesaqhwithi uBert.
Umoya kwinkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi ukhuphuka, ujikeleze kwicala elichasene ne-anticyclone. Kwi-hemisphere esemantla, ukujikeleza kwenzeka ngokuchasene newotshi. Ezi ntlobo zomoya ongazinzanga zihlala zivelisa imimoya enamandla kunye nokuncipha kwamaqondo obushushu ehlotyeni nasebusika, ngenxa yokungena kwamafu athintela imitha yelanga. Ngexesha lolu hlobo lweziganeko, luqhelekile amafu amnyama kunye neemeko zesiphango.
Ukusebenzisana komoya obandayo kunye nokufudumala ngexesha lokubunjwa kwesiphango ngokuqhelekileyo kuvelisa utshintsho lwemozulu ngesiquphe, ezinokubangela iimeko zemozulu ezifana nezaqhwithi. Enyanisweni, izaqhwithi zinokubangela iimvula ezinkulu kunye nemimoya enokubangela umonakalo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Ngaloo ndlela, i ukuthintela iintlekele zendalo Kubalulekile ukukhusela abantu, ngakumbi xa kukho iziganeko ezifana ne Isaqhwithi seAtlantiki esinxulumene neenkanyamba.
Isiphumo seCoriolis
Kubalulekile ukukhankanya i Isiphumo seCoriolis, edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuziphatheni koxinzelelo kunye nee-anticyclones. Ukujikeleza koMhlaba kubangela ukuba umoya uye kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi ukuba uphambuke kunokuba ulandele indlela ethe tye. KuMntla weIkhweyitha, oku kuthetha ukuba umoya ujikela ngasekunene, ngoxa kuMazantsi eIkhweyitha ujikela ekhohlo. Ukuqonda kangcono le nto, unokujongana nenqaku indlela eyenzeka ngayo inkanyamba.
Oku kuphambukiswa komoya, okubangelwa yimpembelelo yeCoriolis, kunegalelo ekwenzeni iinkqubo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu noluphantsi. Amandla eCoriolis nawo achaphazela icala kunye nesantya somoya, esenza iipatheni zemozulu ezintsonkothileyo ezingundoqo kwimozulu. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa uhlalutya Impembelelo yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kuqikelelo lwemozulu.
Iintlobo zeAnticyclones
I-Anticyclones ayiyonto i-homogeneous phenomenon; Kukho iindidi ezininzi, ezihlelwe ngokwendawo yazo kunye neemeko ezizivelisayo:
- I-Anticyclone yaseSiberia: Isuka e-Eurasia ixesha elininzi lonyaka kwaye ibonakala ngokuba ngumoya owomileyo, obandayo.
- I-Anticyclone yangaphantsi: Iquka iAzores kunye nePasifiki, ivelisa imozulu efudumeleyo neyomileyo. Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nokugqibela kwi.
- I-Anticyclone enamandla: Ivelisa imozulu eshushu, eyomileyo nenelanga.
- IAnticyclone yoMntla weAtlantiki: Indawo yayo ihlala isembindini woLwandle lwaseCantabrian, ibonelela ngobusika obomileyo kunye nezitshingitshane.
- I-Anticyclone yoMzantsi Pasifiki: Kwenzeka xa umoya womoya osuka emzantsi ukuya emantla uqokelela ukufuma kwaye uthuthelwe kumanxweme, okwenza amafu aphantsi kunye nomxholo ophezulu wokufuma.
Iindidi zezaqhwithi
Izaqhwithi nazo zahlukene kwaye zihlelwa ngokokwakheka kwazo:
- Uxinzelelo lweThermal: Zenziwa xa ubushushu bomoya buphezulu kakhulu kunendawo eyingqongileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umoya oshushu unyuke kwaye uvelise iimvula ezinkulu.
- Izaqhwithi ezinamandla: Zivela ngenxa yokunyuka kweendimbane zomoya ukuya kwi-tropopause, apho iingcinezelo zomoya obandayo zisusa umoya ofudumeleyo.
Ulwazi malunga nezi ziganeko lunokuthintela iimeko ezimbi kwaye ngaloo ndlela zenze ubomi bemihla ngemihla bube lula. Umzekelo, unokufunda ukulungiselela ukutshintsha iimeko ngokubonisana malunga indlela esenza ngayo isaqhwithi.
Zombini i-anticyclones kunye nokudandatheka kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla, echaphazela yonke into esuka kwi- ukucwangcisa imisebenzi yangaphandle kunye neepatheni zokuhamba elwandle. Ukuqonda ezi ziganeko kubalulekile xa uqikelela imozulu kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezizizo.
Ngokomzekelo, i-anticyclone ingaba yinkcazo efanelekileyo yesiganeko sangaphandle, ngelixa ukufika kwesiqhwithi kunokuthetha ukuba izicwangciso kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kwakhona. Ukongeza, iisistim zoxinzelelo oluphantsi zinoxanduva lwezaqhwithi eziqatha, okuthetha ukuba ukonyuka kwamalungiselelo kunokuba yimfuneko ngala maxesha. Oku kubonakala kwiimeko ezifana uhlalutyo lwesaqhwithi uFabien.
Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwe-anticyclones kunye nokudandatheka kubalulekile ekwenzeni izigqibo ezisekelwe kwimozulu. Ingaba ucwangcisa imisebenzi kunye nosapho kunye nabahlobo okanye ukuhamba ngomkhumbi, ukuqonda le mimandla yoxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric kuya kukunceda ulindele ngcono utshintsho kwimozulu kunye neemeko ezinokuvela.
Uphononongo lwezi ziganeko zemozulu alusincedi nje kuphela ukuba silungiselele imozulu ezayo, kodwa lukwasinika ukuqonda ngokuziphatha kwemozulu yehlabathi kunye nokuzivelela kwayo rhoqo.
