Oososayensi bathi utshintsho lwemozulu lwonyusa isantya kunye nokuqina kwembalela. Ke ngoko, le meko inokubangela imbalela ethe gqolo kunye neyaqatha kwindawo yaseJúcar. Oku kuboniswa yindlela eyilwe ngabaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yasePolytechnic yaseValencia.
Ngaba uyafuna ukwazi iziphumo eziza kubakho kutshintsho lwemozulu kwibhasi yaseJúcar?
Iimbalela ezingakumbi eJúcar
Indlela eyilelwe ngabaphandi ivumela ukuba sazi ifuthe lotshintsho lwemozulu kwindawo yaseJúcar. Iziphumo zophononongo zibonisa ukuba imbalela ayizukuphakama kwaye ibenamandla kunaleyo ichongiweyo yexesha eliphakathi.
Ukuqukunjelwa kokugqibela kophononongo kukubonisa ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu kunye neziphumo zalo zibangela imeko yehlabathi jikelele apho imbalela iyakuhlala ixhaphake, kokubini imozulu kunye ne-hydrological, ukusukela ekucuthweni kwemvula kunye nokunyuka ukukhutshwa komphunga ngenxa yokwanda kwamaqondo obushushu aphakathi komhlaba.
Le ndlela yenziwe ngabaphandi abavela kwi- IZiko laManzi kunye noBunjineli boBume beNdawo kwiYunivesithi yasePolytechnic yaseValencia (IIAMA-UPV) uPatricia Marcos, u-Antonio López kunye no-Manuel Pulido, kwaye sele ipapashwe kwiphephancwadi lezenzululwazi i-"Journal of Hydrology".
Umsebenzi ungaphakathi kweprojekthi ye-IMPADAPT kwaye isitya iJúcar sisetyenziswe njengesixhobo sokufunda, ngenxa yempembelelo yangoku kwimbalela. Ukwenza izigqibo ezicacileyo, abaphandi bathelekise idatha yembalela eqokelelwe kumashumi eminyaka kwisitya kwaye idityaniswe neemodeli zemozulu zehlabathi nezengingqi.
Kubalulekile ukuthelekisa kakuhle idatha yembalela yezulu kunye neyemvula, kuba zombini zichaphazeleka lutshintsho lwemozulu. Eyokuqala inciphisa imvula unyaka wonke ize eyesibini inyuse umphunga wamanzi. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, isixa samanzi esifumanekayo sokusetyenziswa ngabantu siyehla ngenxa yemeko yokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nembalela kwindawo yaseJúcar.
Inyani yokuba zintathu iimeko zemozulu ezihlala kwindawo yaseJúcar ikwaqwalaselwe. Kwelinye icala, sinommandla ophezulu kunye nemozulu yelizwekazi, embindini ophakathi sinesimo sezulu esiguqukayo nakwesezantsi, imozulu yeMeditera. Oku kwahluka kwendawo kuchaphazela inqanaba lokuchaphazeleka kokutshintsha kwemozulu kubunzulu kunye nexesha lexesha lembalela kulowo nalowo.
Kuba utshintsho lwemozulu aluchaphazeli yonke imimandla yemozulu ngokulinganayo, kubalulekile ukuba ube nembono ebanzi imimandla emithathu yemozulu enesitya saseJúcar.
"Ngokwesiko, ii-indices ezisemgangathweni zisetyenziselwe ukuchonga nokuvavanya imbalela, ngenxa yokulula kwazo kunye nokuguquguquka ukuthelekisa ukuphambuka kwimeko yesiqhelo phakathi kwemimandla ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo," utshilo uPatricia Marcos.
Kakade ke, kufuneka yongezwe ukuba ezi nkcukacha-manani zithathela ingqalelo ubukho bamaxesha onyaka ukwenzela ukuba zibandakanywe kwimiba ethile yeenguqu zemozulu. Ezi datha zithandabuzeka kakhulu kumxholo wokutshintsha kwemozulu, njengoko iimeko zamaxesha onyaka zincitshiswa ngokuthe ngqo ehlotyeni nasebusika.
Imiba ebalulekileyo
Indlela ephuhlisiweyo iguqulelwe kwizitya zaseMeditera kwaye ivumela ukuhlalutya ifuthe lotshintsho lwemozulu kwisantya kunye nokuqina kwembalela. Izinto eziguquguqukayo zemvula kunye namaqondo obushushu zezona zinto zichazayo, kuba zezona zinciphisa ubutyebi bamanzi. Elinye ngenxa yegalelo lamanzi elingaphantsi kwaye elinye ngenxa yelahleko enkulu yamanzi agciniweyo.
"Iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukungaqiniseki okukhulu malunga nokufumaneka kwexesha elizayo kwemithombo yamanzi esityeni. Uphononongo lubonisa indlela iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokutshintsha kwemozulu zikhokelela kukonyuka ngokubanzi kubude bexesha kunye nokuqina kwembalela yemozulu kunye neyamanzi, ngenxa yeziphumo ezidibeneyo zokuncipha kwemvula kunye nokwanda komphunga ", utshilo umphathi IIAMA, UManuel Pulido.
Imbalela ebonwe kwixesha elifutshane ingaphantsi kunaleyo izakubonwa kwixesha eliphakathi, ke ukuba ngoku sikwimeko embi, ikamva elisilindeleyo libi kakhulu.
