Xa sithetha ngechibi, sibhekisa kumanzi asisigxina afakwe kuxinzelelo olukhoyo ebaleni. Oluxinzelelo lunokwenziwa kwiimpazamo zejoloji kwaye Orogenesis. Zingabangelwa kukuqokelelwa kwe-glace gliten okanye i-avalanche yekhephu. Namhlanje sikuzisa uluhlu lwe amachibi amakhulu ehlabathini.
Siza kukuxelela ukuba ngawaphi amachibi amakhulu emhlabeni kwaye zeziphi iimpawu zawo eziphambili.
Ulwandle lweCaspian
Ichibi linokuba namanzi amatsha kunye namanzi anetyuwa. Ukubunjwa kohlobo ngalunye lwechibi kugqiba iimpawu kunye nodidi lwamanzi eliya kubamba. Kule meko, siza kuthetha ngoLwandle lweCaspian. Lichibi elikhulu kangangokuba ligqalwa njengolwandle. Iqulethe amanzi anebrackish kwaye iphakathi kweYurophu neAsia. Iakhawunti ngobunzulu be-371.000 km2 kunye nobunzulu obuphakathi kweemitha ezili-170.
Igama loLwandle lweCaspian kungenxa yeCaspian. Ligama ledolophu yakudala eyayiphuhliswe emazantsi-ntshona echibi. Inentyatyambo eninzi kunye nezilwanyana kwaye ityebile kwii-sturgeon kunye namatywina. Ngelishwa, lulwandle olunemicimbi emininzi phakathi kwamazwe kuba ikwanemithombo yezimbiwa efana neoyile kunye negesi yendalo kwaye iphantsi kwengxaki eziqhubekayo. Ukuloba kunye namanzi aphesheya nawo abangela iingxaki, kuba ukusuka kwindawo ethile, akwaziwa ukuba ngubani onoxanduva lolawulo lwayo.
Ummandla osemantla weli chibi uba ngumkhenkce ngexesha leenyanga ezibandayo kwaye usetyenziselwa ukwenza amathambeka athile e-ski. Unokuthi ngumkhenkce onetyuwa ongaxhaphakanga kuyo nayiphi na intaba. Ngaphaya koko, iimpawu zoLwandle lweCaspian zenza ukuba kube nomdla kwizifundo kwi kutshintsha kwe mozulu kunye nefuthe le kutshintsha kwe mozulu.
IChibi elingaphezulu
Inye ye5 Amachibi amakhulu eMntla Melika. Ime phakathi kwe-United States ne-Canada. Inommandla we-82.000 km2, lelona chibi likhulu lamanzi angenawo amanzi ehlabathini. Unalo mthamo wamanzi kuba kukho ngaphezulu kwemilambo engama-200 engena kuwo kwaye iyawondla ngokuqhubekayo.
Igama leLake Superior kungenxa yokuba amaNgesi ayibeka ngexesha lokuhlola ngo-1760. Yayilichibi elinelona nani likhulu kunye nenani lamanzi ababelifumene ebomini babo. Iqondo lobushushu lamanzi ngama-7 degrees kunyaka wonke. Ubusika kweli chibi abubanda kakhulu kwaye nehlobo lipholile. Ngaloo ndlela, ukwazi ngakumbi malunga namachibi kunokukhokelela ekuboniseni impembelelo ye kutshintsha kwe mozulu kunye nefuthe kwi-ikhosistim Imozulu yase-Oceanic.
ILake Victoria
Eli chibi likhulu lifumaneka kumbindi we-Afrika. Ijikelezwe yiTanzania, Kenya neUganda. Ubude bayo ngama-69.482 km2, kuthathelwa ingqalelo njengelibini lesibini ngobukhulu bamanzi acocekileyo kwiplanethi, emva kweLake Superior. Umlambo waseKagera ngowona mjelo mkhulu uxhasa ngokuqhubekayo. Ubunzulu bechibi ziimitha ezingama-82 kuba ibekwe ngaphezulu koxinzelelo oluncinci. Ubunzulu obumndilili ziimitha ezingama-40 ngelixa i-82m bubona bukhulu bufunyenwe kwindawo ephambili yoxinzelelo.
Kukho imiba yokusingqongileyo ebangela ukuphela kweentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlanzi ngenxa yokuloba ngokugqithisileyo. Ihyacinth yasemanzini yenye yezityalo ezihlasela echibini zize zilijike libe yityhefu. Esinye isizathu sokuwohloka komgangatho wala manzi kukukhutshelwa kwenkunkuma yasekhaya nakwimizi-mveliso emininzi, nto leyo eyenza kube yimfuneko ukwenza uhlalutyo olunzulu lwemeko yala machibi kumxholo we kutshintsha kwe mozulu.
IChibi laseHuron
Lelinye lamaChibi amakhulu aseMntla Melika. Yeyesibini ngobukhulu kumachibi ama-5 abekwe phakathi kwe-United States neCanada. Eli chibi lisemdeni we-Ontario kunye neMichigan ukuya ngasentshona, elinye lamachibi amakhulu. Ubunzulu bomndilili wayo ziimitha ezingama-59 kwaye ubuninzi ziimitha ezingama-229. Elinye lamachibi emhlabeni anezona zithuthi zininzi.
Ngenxa yeemeko zemozulu echibini, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba eli chibi libe ngumkhenkce ngokupheleleyo phakathi kwenyanga kaDisemba noAprili. Oku kwenza ukuba amanzi ayo angahambeki ngeli xesha. Uninzi lwamashishini afuna izikhephe ukuwela ichibi baye babona imisebenzi yabo imisiwe, nto leyo engumzekelo ocacileyo wendlela imozulu eyichaphazela ngokunzulu ngayo.
ILake Michigan
Elinye lamachibi amakhulu eMntla Melika. Ijikelezwe yi-Illinois, i-Indiana, iMichigan kunye neWisconsin. Ifumaneka eUnited States ngokupheleleyo kwaye inommandla oziikhilomitha ezingama-57.750. Ubunzulu obuphakathi buzimitha ezingama-85 kwaye ubuninzi buziimitha ezingama-281. Ithathwa njengechibi lesihlanu ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Ineelwandle ezaziwa eUnited States ngokuba nesanti eyahluke ngokupheleleyo kwezinye. Oku kungenxa yokuba banomxholo ophezulu we-quartz kwaye benza isandi xa uhamba phezu kwabo, uphawu olufaka isandla ekuhlukeni kwezi zixhobo ezinkulu zamanzi.
Ichibi leBaikal
El ichibi leBaikal Yenye yezona ndawo zinkulu eSiberia. Ikwaziwa nangegama leBlue Eye. Ubude bayo buyi-5539 km kwaye lelinye lawona machibi acacileyo emhlabeni. Ino-turbidity encinci kakhulu. Yachazwa njengeNdawo yeLifa leMveli yiUNESCO ngo-1996. kwaye inommandla oziikhilomitha ezingama-21.494. Ubunzulu obuphakathi buzimitha ezingama-744 kwaye ubuninzi buziimitha ezingama-1642. Njengoko ubona, inzulu kunoLwandle lweCaspian.
Lelona chibi likhulu elinamanzi acocekileyo eAsia kwaye lelinye lawona anzulu emhlabeni. Ineentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-233 ze-algae kunye neentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-852 zezilwanyana kunye nezityalo. Oku kuqaqambisa ukubaluleka kwayo kungekuphela nje njengobutyebi bendalo kodwa nanjengendawo yokuhlala ebalulekileyo nefanele ukukhuselwa, inkalo ekwanxulumene nokuphononongwa kutshintsha kwe mozulu.
IChibi iTanganyika
Lelinye lawona machibi makhulu kulo lonke elaseAfrika. Inobunzulu obuyi-570 yeemitha kunye nobukhulu obuyi-1470 yeemitha. Ithathwa njengelona chibi lesibini linzulu ehlabathini. Inezinto ezahlukeneyo zentlanzi kunye nezinye iintlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana ezidala imisebenzi emininzi efikelela kuma-45.000. Ime phakathi kwamazwe aseTanzania, iBurundi, iDemocratic Republic of the Congo neZambia.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi ungafunda ngakumbi malunga namachibi amakhulu emhlabeni. Njengoko ubona, kukho amachibi anobunzulu kunye nomphezulu ofana nolwandle lokwenyani. Ndiyathemba ukuba unokuba nethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukuba ungaya kwezinye zeendawo ezintle nezimangalisayo.
