Ubushushu behlabathi kwezinye iingingqi zehlabathi buyatshabalalisa. Ukuncipha kwemvula kuchaphazela ezolimo nemfuyo, zinto ezo ezisisiseko kuluntu lokuba nokutya. Oku e-India bayazi kakuhle, nabo.
Amafama aqale ukuzibulala. Ngoba? Kuba "akukho mvula," watsho umhlolokazi kaRani, owasweleka emva kokutya iyeza lokubulala izitshabalalisi. Okona kubi kuseza: ngokophando olupapashwe kwiphephancwadi i-Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), kule minyaka izayo ilizwe liza kuva ubunzima obunje ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nembalela.
Zonke, izilwanyana nezityalo, sifuna amanzi ukuze siphile. Kukutya okusisiseko kobomi, yaye xa kunqongophele, kulapho kuvela khona iingxabano. Izilwanyana ezingezona abantu zixazulula le ngxaki ngendlela efanayo nathi: ukuba zikhulu kwaye zinamandla, njengeendlovu, umzekelo, zithatha i-puddle encinci kwaye ungavumeli nabani na ukuba asondele kuyo; Kwaye ukuba zincinci, ziyakwazi ukusela nokuba zincinci.
Abantu, xa siswele amanzi, sinokukhetha ukwenza uthethathethwano, okanye ukuya emfazweni kunye nabo basithintelayo ukuba siwafumane. Ngapha koko, bakho abo idayisi ukuba iMfazwe yeSithathu yeHlabathi ayizukuba yeoyile, okanye eyommandla, kodwa yeyamanzi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha abantu banokubakhohlakele ngakumbi.
EIndiya, umsebenzi wokufama ngumngcipheko omkhulu. Ukuxhasa ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabemi (i-1.300 yezigidigidi), abalimi baye bagqalwa njengentliziyo kunye nomphefumlo welizwe. Phezu kwako nje oku, impembelelo yayo kwezoqoqosho iye yehla kule minyaka ingama-30 idluleyo. Ke ngoko, isuke ekumela isithathu semveliso yasekhaya yaseIndiya ngoku imele i-15% kuphela, iyonke ifikelela kwi-2.260 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Ukuqonda ngcono imeko yezolimo kweli lizwe, ungabonisana malunga iindlela zolondolozo lwezolimo kunye nefuthe le kutshintsha kwe mozulu kwicandelo.
Zininzi izizathu zokuba kutheni amafama ekhetha ukuzibulala: isivuno esibi, ukonakala kwemali kunye namatyala, inkxaso encinci yoluntu ... Abanye basela izitshabalalisi njengendlela yokuphuma ematyaleni amakhulu, kuba urhulumente kwezinye iimeko uqinisekisa ngemali yamalungu osapho asaphilayo, nto leyo ekhuthaza ukuzibulala. Le nto iye yanda kakhulu ngenxa ye kutshintsha kwe mozulu kunye nokunqongophala kobutyebi bamanzi, okuye kwaba mandundu ngenxa yemozulu embi kakhulu.
Ngonyaka wama-2050, iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi liza kunyuka malunga ne-3ºC, esenza imeko ibe mbi ngakumbi ukuba kunokwenzeka. Oku akuyi kuchaphazela kuphela i-Indiya, kodwa kuya kuba nemiphumo yehlabathi, njengomnye weengxaki ezininzi ezijongene nehlabathi lanamhlanje.
Le meko ayinayo kuphela impembelelo yezoqoqosho, kodwa kunye nezentlalo kunye nezengqondo. Enyanisweni, amafama amaninzi ajongana noxinzelelo lwasekuhlaleni ngenxa yokunyuka kwamatyala kunye nokunqongophala kwezixhobo, okunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzima. Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu luqhubela phambili, ukuzibulala kwamafama eIndiya ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi kubonakala njengento eya kuqhubeka ikhula ngaphandle kokuba kuthathwe amanyathelo afanelekileyo. Kukwafanelekile ukukhankanya oko iimeko zemozulu zichaphazela izityalo kwihlabathi jikelele, nto leyo ebonisa ngokucacileyo ingxaki ejongene necandelo lezolimo.
Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezolimo zingajongana nemiceli mngeni emikhulu ngakumbi ngenxa yeemeko zemozulu ezimandundu. Nakuphi na ukunqongophala kwamanzi kunokwandisa ukubandezeleka kwamafama, kunye nokuphazamisa inkqubo yendalo yommandla. Kunyanzelekile ukuba zifunwe izisombululo ezisebenzayo ukulungisa le miba kunye nokukhusela abo ubomi babo buxhomekeke kumhlaba, kwimeko apho ukufudumala kwehlabathi ichaphazela amacandelo ahlukeneyo.
Uluntu lwezizwe ngezizwe nalo kufuneka lunike ingqwalasela kule miba, njengoko ukufudumala kwehlabathi kungeyongxaki kuphela kummandla omnye. Ingxaki yamanzi iya isiba ngumba oshushu nongxamisekileyo ekufuneka usonjululwe. Intsebenziswano yehlabathi ibalulekile ukunciphisa ezi ziphumo, kunye nokuseka iinkqubo zenkxaso ukunceda amafama asengxakini.
Ungasifunda isifundo apha.
