I-Astronomy lisebe lesayensi elifunda iinkwenkwezi, indawo yazo, kunye nokuba kutheni zihamba. Funda ukubunjwa, isikhundla kunye nokuhamba kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba zizidalwa zasezulwini ukuze wenze izigqibo malunga nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo uMhlaba. Iiplanethi kunye neenyanga zazo, ii-comets kunye ne-meteoroids, i-interstellar matter, i-dark matter systems, i-gas kunye neminyele ziindawo zokufunda kwesi sayensi. I Iincwadi zeenkwenkwezi Zisisixhobo esihle kakhulu kwabo bafuna ukuqala kwicandelo lokufunda le sayensi. Le misebenzi ibonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lokuqonda kunye neenzuzo ezinokutyebisa ukuqonda kwethu kunye noxabiso lwendalo esingqongileyo.
Ke ngoko, siza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi ezona ncwadi zibalaseleyo ngeenkwenkwezi ukuze uqalise kweli hlabathi.
iincwadi ezingcono kakhulu ze-astronomy
Funda i-astronomy kunye ne-100 yokuzivocavoca
Yincwadi enemisebenzi eyi-100 yokwazisa ngeenkwenkwezi. Le yincwadi ethe ngqo yenqaku, ngaphandle kokugquma okanye ukuhonjiswa ngokungeyomfuneko. Nokuba ujonge esibhakabhakeni ngeebhayinotyhulasi, iteleskopu, okanye ngeliso lenyama, ngesi sikhokelo uya kufunda izinto ezisisiseko ezibalulekileyo, njengokufumana iPolaris esibhakabhakeni.
Uya kufunda uku yahlula iinkwenkwezi kwiiplanethi, jonga iinkwenkwezi zokubini, yintoni i-meteorites kunye ne-comets, njl. Ukongeza kwiingcebiso kunye nezixhobo zokujonga, iquka ikhathalogu enemiyalelo yokujonga izinto eziphambili zezulu. Elinye icandelo ligxininisa kwizinto ezifunekayo kuqwalaselo lwenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi: iintlobo zeeteleskopu, izihluzi, ii-mounts, kunye nezinye izixhobo. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela yokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokujonga i-cosmos, unokubonisana indlela yokukhetha ibhayinotyhulasi.
i-astronomical curiosities
I-Astronomy yisayensi emangalisayo, kodwa xa uqala ukufunda, unokufumana iikhonsepthi ezininzi zintsonkothile okanye kunzima ukuziqonda. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba umntu akucacisele ngendlela emnandi nelula kuye nabani na ukuba ayiqonde.
Umbhali nguJose Vicente Diaz, isidanga kwifiziksi, isidanga semasters kwi-astronomy kunye ne-astrophysics, kunye nesidanga semasters kwiremote sensing. Le ndoda idale incwadana yabaqalayo kuzo zonke izihloko ezinomdla kakhulu ezinxulumene ne-astronomy: iiplanethi, i-exoplanets, i-comets, i-meteors, iinkwenkwezi, imingxuma emnyama ... Kumxholo wesi sikhokelo, unokuqonda ukubaluleka kokufunda malunga namanani embali afanelekileyo afana Tycho brahe, igalelo labo lalibalulekile kwinzululwazi yeenkwenkwezi yanamhlanje nasekuqondweni kwayo.
IsiKhokelo sesibhakabhaka 2023
Olu luhlu luyiklasiki ehlaziywa minyaka yonke. I-Sky Guide 2023 ibandakanya zonke ii-Lunar Eclipses, i-Solar Eclipses, i-Meteor Showers, kunye ne-Lunar Phases kulo nyaka. Kodwa akukho malunga ne-ephemeris kuphela, ikwabandakanya ulwazi olunomdla kakhulu kwizazi ngeenkwenkwezi ze-novice. Phantse kumaphepha angama-60, uya kufunda malunga noku:
- Yazi iiplanethi ezisesibhakabhakeni kwaye uya kuqonda ukuba kutheni zihamba
- Izinto ezisisiseko malunga neNyanga: Izigaba zeNyanga kunye nokubonakala kuyo yonke inyanga
- Iingcebiso zokuPhonononga iimvula zeMeteor
- Amakroza aphambili kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwawo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo onyaka.
Minyaka le, iba yimpumelelo yokuthengisa yokwenyani ngenxa yokulula kwayo, ukucaca kunye nosetyenziso olukhulu. Ukongeza, ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nokusithwa kwelanga yinyanga kunye neziganeko zeenkwenkwezi, unokufunda malunga i-halley's comet, enika ibali elinomdla lokubonakala kwayo esibhakabhakeni.
Indalo yonke kwindebe yekofu: iSayensi kunye neempendulo ezilula kwiimfihlakalo zeCosmic
Ayisosikhokelo esiya esibhakabhakeni, awuyi kufunda ukukhetha iteleskopu okanye ukwahlula ikroza leCygnus. Ibanzi kancinane kububanzi kwaye yincwadi yeastronomi eyahluke kakhulu.
Sisikhokelo sembali yoluntu kunye nolwalamano lwayo nenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi. Ukususela kwimbali yamandulo kunye nempucuko yaseYiputa, ukuya eGalileo, eNewton nase-Einstein. Imingxuma emnyama, ubukhulu bendalo iphela, ubudala beminyele kunye nethiyori yeBig Bang. Yonke into yenziwa ngendlela eyonwabisayo nefikelelekayo. Ukuqonda ezi ngqikelelo kunokukukhuthaza ukuba ufunde ngakumbi ngembali ye-astronomy, kubandakanywa amanani afana UAristarko waseSamo, eyaziwa ngeengcamango zakhe ezintsha kwi-heliocentrism kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwi-astronomy.
I-Astrophotography
I-Astrophotography ifikeleleka kumntu wonke. Into oyifunayo yiteleskopu ye-astrophotography, ikhamera ye-DSLR, kunye nesikhokelo esifana nesi. I-Astrophotography sisikhokelo esifanelekileyo sokufunda ukufota isibhakabhaka. Ibonisa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ichaza indlela yokuthatha imifanekiso yezinto ezahlukeneyo zasezulwini ezifana neenkwenkwezi, i-meteorites, i-comets, i-eclipses, njl.
Uya kufunda yonke into oyifunayo ukuze uthathe iifoto ezintle zeNyanga, iiplanethi, ilanga, iinebula kunye neminyele. Esi sesona sikhokelo sokugqibela kwihlabathi elinika umdla le-astrophotography, kwaye kulula ukuyiqonda nokusebenzisa. Uya kuba nakho ukuthatha iifoto ezimangalisayo zesibhakabhaka ngokulandela yonke imiyalelo enikiweyo.
Qwalasela isibhakabhaka ngeliso lenyama okanye ngebhayinotyhulathi
Ukubona isibhakabhaka ngeso lenyama okanye ngeebinoculars sisikhokelo esivela kwindlu yokushicilela yaseLarousse. Ichaza ngendlela elula indlela yokuziqhelanisa nesibhakabhaka kunye nendlela yokuchonga amaqoqo eenkwenkwezi eziphambili, iinkwenkwezi kunye neeplanethi. Ikwabandakanya iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko ze-astronomy ezifana izigaba zenyanga, ukusithwa kwelanga yinyanga, ilanga neenkwenkwezi ezinokubonwa ngexesha ngalinye lonyaka.
Inamagumbi amabini amakhulu, elinye linikezelwe ekujongeni ngamehlo-ze kunye nelinye kwiibhayinotyhulari. Ikwanika iingcebiso zokukhetha ibhayinotyhulasi kunye neengcebiso malunga nendlela yokuzisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo. Ibandakanya iimephu zesibhakabhaka, iifoto, kunye nemizobo yokukunceda uqonde ngcono ijografi yesibhakabhaka. Esi sisikhokelo esigqibeleleyo sabaqalayo abafuna ukuqalisa kwi-astronomy.
Isikhokelo esisebenzayo sesazi ngeenkwenkwezi esisafundayo
ISikhokelo esiSebenzayo seNzululwazi yeNkwenkwezi ngeNkwenkwezi asikwazanga ukwenza imixholo yencwadi icace ngakumbi kumxholo. Le yintshayelelo yethiyori kunye nesebenzayo kwi-astronomy yabaqalayo. Sombulula zonke iingxaki abajongene nazo abantu abafuna ukuqala ukujonga ngeenkwenkwezi ukusuka ekuqaleni. Ibonelela ngezibonelelo ekukhetheni iiteleskopu, iibhayinotyhulayi, kunye nendlela yokuzisebenzisa.
Icacisa imixholo enomdla kakhulu kwaye eluncedo njenge:
- Ukufakela iteleskopu enentaba ye-ikhweyitha
- Indlela yokuqwalasela iiplanethi
- Iingcebiso zokujonga ilanga
- Ubuchule obusisiseko benyanga kunye neplanethi ye-astrophotography
Esi sisikhokelo esibanzi esiquka zonke iziseko zokuqalisa ukuphonononga ngeenkwenkwezi, kuquka neenkcukacha kwi-astronomical observation. optics kwiiteleskopu.
ezinye iincwadi ze-astronomy
Ezi zezinye iincwadi zenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi ezinokukunceda ukuba ufunde ngakumbi ngale nzululwazi:
- UCarl Sagan's Cosmos: Le klasi idumileyo yesayensi iye yaphefumlela izizukulwana zabantu abathanda ukufunda ngeenkwenkwezi. Ngesitayile esibandakanyayo nesifikelelekayo, uCarl Sagan uphonononga imiba esisiseko yenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi kwaye usimema ukuba sicinge ngendawo yethu kwindalo iphela.
- Imbali emfutshane yexesha likaStephen Hawking: Kulo msebenzi, isazi sefiziksi esaziwayo uStephen Hawking unikezela ngemigaqo ephambili yenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi kunye nefiziksi yethiyori ngendlela efikelelekayo kubantu abangezongcali. Le ncwadi inika umbono onomdla wokuzivelela kwendalo kunye neemfihlelo ezisaza kusonjululwa.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neencwadi ze-astronomy kunye nendlela ezinokukunceda ngayo ufunde ngakumbi malunga nale nzululwazi.
