El ubushushu obugqithisileyo Iye yaba yenye yeentshaba ezinkulu ezithuleyo zeenkqubo zokutya. kwihlabathi liphela. Asithethi nje kuphela ngeentsuku ezishushu kakhulu ehlotyeni, kodwa sithetha ngeziganeko ezixhaphakileyo, eziqatha, nezithatha ixesha elide ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izityalo, imfuyo, iintlanzi, amahlathi, kwaye, ewe, impilo yabantu abasebenza ngaphandle. Ubungqina besayensi obuqokelelwe yi-FAO kunye ne-WMO bubonisa ukuba ukhuseleko lokutya lwehlabathi lusengozini enkulu.
Kunokuba ibe yinto engaqhelekanga, Ubushushu obugqithisileyo busebenza njengophinda-phindo lomngcipheko wokweneneIyandisa imbalela, yonyusa uxinzelelo lwamanzi, kwaye inyusa umngcipheko imililo yehlathi Kwaye ikhuthaza ukusasazeka kwezinambuzane nezifo ezichaphazela izityalo, izilwanyana kunye nabantu ngokufanayo. Kwimeko apho abemi behlabathi besondela kwi-10.000 yeebhiliyoni kwaye imveliso yokutya kulindeleke ukuba iphindwe kabini, olu nxulunyaniswa lwezinto, njengoko iingcali zilumkisa, lusibeka esiphelweni sokwenene ukuba imithetho yomdlalo ayitshintshwa.
Ubushushu obugqithisileyo: umngcipheko okhulayo kwiinkqubo zokutya kwezolimo
Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, i ubuninzi, ubukhulu kunye nobude bexesha amaza obushushu ziye zanda kakhuluIingxelo zemozulu zesiqingatha senkulungwane zibonisa ukuba ezi ziganeko azisekho zingaqhelekanga: ziye zaba yinxalenye yemozulu entsha eqhelekileyo, enefuthe ngqo kwiinkqubo zokutya kwezolimo kunye neenkqubo zendalo ezixhomekeke kuzo.
Ngokwengxelo edibeneyo ye-FAO kunye ne-WMO, Ubushushu obugqithisileyo bubangela ukuba imeko yezolimo zehlabathi zisebenze phantsi kwayo.Olu asilohlobo nje lwemeko yemozulu engaqhelekanga, kodwa luphawu lomngcipheko oluqokelelweyo oluvavanya ubuthathaka besakhiwo seenkqubo zezolimo, zemfuyo, zokuloba nezamahlathi, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezisengozini enkulu.
Izazinzulu zigxininisa ukuba Ubushushu obugqithisileyo sele buphazamisa imveliso, impilo, kunye nendlela yokuphila yezigidi zabantuUkudibana kwamaqondo obushushu ashushu, ukunqongophala kwamanzi, kunye nomhlaba owonakeleyo kunciphisa isivuno sezityalo, kwandisa ukufa kwemfuyo, kutshintsha ukusasazeka kwezixhobo zokuloba, kwaye kwenza umsebenzi wangaphandle ube yingozi ngakumbi.
Kule meko, impapasho ethi “Extreme heat and agriculture” izisa etafileni le imigaqo ebonakalayo yobushushu obugqithisileyo, ubuthathaka bamacandelo ahlukeneyo emveliso kunye noqikelelo lwempembelelo kwiminyaka emininzi ezayo. Olu xwebhu aluchazi nje kuphela ingxaki, kodwa lukwacebisa amaqhinga okulungisa imeko, lubonise izifundo ezivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo, kwaye lucebisa utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwimigaqo-nkqubo ukuthintela ukuba iinkqubo zokutya zingabi namandla.
Impembelelo yobushushu obugqithisileyo kwizityalo, izityalo kunye namahlathi
Kwicandelo lezolimo, Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anciphisa imveliso yezityalo eziphambili zeplanethiUphando oluhlanganiswe yi-FAO kunye ne-WMO lubonisa ukuba, uninzi lwe- izityalo eziphambiliUkulahleka kwesivuno kuqala ukubonakala kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-30°C, umda oncitshiswa ngakumbi kwiintlobo ezinobuthathaka ezifana neetapile okanye irhasi.
Xa i-thermometer ihlala ingaphezulu kwezo xabiso kangangeentsuku ezininzi, Izicubu zezityalo ziyawohloka ziiseli, i-photosynthesis iyancitshiswa, kwaye imveliso yezinto ezinobuthi iyanda. ezinciphisa umgangatho kunye nobungakanani besivuno. Kwizityalo ezifana nombona okanye ingqolowa, kuye kwabonwa ukwehla kwesivuno ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10% kwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu rhoqo, nto leyo echaphazela ngqo ixabiso kunye nokufumaneka kokutya okusisiseko.
Ingxaki ayipheleli nje emasimini ezityalo. Amahlathi nawo aziva uxinzelelo lobushushu obugqithisileyo.ingakumbi xa zidityaniswe nexesha elide lembalela. Amaza obushushu anxulunyaniswa nokwanda kwexesha kunye nobukhali bexesha lomlilo wasendle. Amahlathi abuthathaka, aphantsi koxinzelelo lwamanzi kwaye afumana amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, atsha ngokulula nangokurhabaxa, nto leyo ebangela ukulahleka kweendawo ezinkulu zamahlathi kwiiveki ezimbalwa nje.
Ukongeza, ubushushu obungaqhelekanga buyanceda ukusasazeka kwezinambuzane nezifo zasehlathini Zifumana indawo elula yokuzalela kwimithi ebuthathaka. Izinambuzane ezikruqulayo, iifungi, kunye nezinye izifo ezibangela izifo ziyanda kwiindawo ezikude nakwiindawo eziphakamileyo apho bezingenakuphila khona ngaphambili, nto leyo ebeka emngciphekweni amahlathi awayesebenza njengeendawo eziphambili zokusila ikhabhoni kunye nabakhuseli bezinto ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo.
Kwimeko apho umhlaba omninzi sele ufunwa kwezolimo nakwezokutya, oku Ukonakala komhlaba wezolimo kunye neemeko zendalo ngaxeshanye kuyawukhulisa umjikelo ombiI-FAO ilumkisa ukuba malunga nesinye kwisithathu somhlaba weefama weplanethi ngoku uphantsi kokonakala ngenxa yokwanda kwemveliso, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kweekhemikhali zezolimo, ukuba yintlango okunxulunyaniswa nokufudumala, kunye neziganeko ezifana nokwanda kwetyuwa emanzini angaphantsi komhlaba ngenxa yokunyuka kwamanqanaba olwandle.
Uxinzelelo lobushushu kwizilwanyana zasemhlabeni: imfuyo kunye nezilwanyana ezinxulumene nayo
Enye yezona zinto zixhalabisayo ezikhankanyiweyo kule ngxelo kukuba impembelelo yobushushu obugqithisileyo kwizilwanyana zasefamaKwiintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana eziqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo lobushushu luqala ukuzibonakalisa kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-25°C. Ngaphezulu kwalo mda, imizimba yezilwanyana kufuneka yenze umgudu owongezelelweyo wokususa ubushushu, nto leyo echaphazela impilo kunye nemveliso yazo.
Kwimeko yeenkomo zobisi, Uxinzelelo lobushushu lunciphisa ubungakanani kunye nomgangatho wobisiNgenxa yokuba izilwanyana zitya kancinci, zisela kakhulu, kwaye zinikela inxalenye enkulu yamandla azo ekulawuleni ubushushu bomzimba wazo, kwaye ngamaqondo obushushu angaphakathi efama anokudlula ama-40°C ngexesha lobushushu, iinkomo zijongene nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba ukuba amanyathelo afanelekileyo okupholisa kunye nokubonelela ngamanzi akasetyenziswa.
Iihagu, iinkukhu, nezinye izilwanyana ezingenamandla okubila okanye iindlela ezilinganiselweyo zokulawula ubushushu zisengozini ngakumbi. Kwifama yeehagu neenkukhu, umda woxinzelelo lobushushu ungaphantsi kancinci kwama-25 °Ckunye neziganeko ezinde zibangela iingxaki zokugaya ukutya, ukwehla kobunzima, ukukhula okunciphileyo, ukulahleka kokuzala kunye nokufa kwabantu abaninzi kwiindawo zokugcina umoya ongenamandla.
Kwicandelo lemfuyo lilonke, oku kuthetha ilahleko enkulu kwezoqoqosho kunye nokwanda kokungazinzi kwimveliso yeeprotheyini zezilwanyanaKwangaxeshanye, uxinzelelo lobushushu obugqithisileyo lunyanzela ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ukuze izilwanyana zihlale ziphila kwaye ziphantsi kweemeko ezingamkelekanga kangako, kanye xa uxinzelelo lwamanzi luphezulu kakhulu.
Ingxelo igxininisa ukuba ubushushu obugqithisileyo abugcini nje ngokwenza imfuyo igule, kodwa bukwabangela kwandisa umngcipheko wezifo ezisulelayoIzilwanyana ezibuthathaka azisabela kakuhle kwiintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane, kwaye uninzi lwezifo ezibangela izifo lufumana iimeko ezilungileyo zokwanda, ezithandwa ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye notshintsho kumswakama ongqongileyo.
Amaza obushushu olwandle kunye nemiphumo yawo kwiintlanzi nakwiinkqubo zokuloba
Ulwandle nalo alunazo ezi ngxaki. amaza obushushu olwandle ziye zanda zaya kumanqanaba angazange abonwe ngaphambiliNgokutsho kwe-WMO, ngo-2025 ngaphezulu kwama-90% omphezulu wolwandle lwehlabathi achaphazeleke ubuncinane yisihlandlo esinye sobushushu obugqithisileyo elwandle, nto leyo ebangele utshintsho olukhulu ekusasazweni nasekusindeni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zeentlanzi.
Xa amanzi eshushu kakhulu, uxinzelelo lwee-plumps ze-oksijini enyibilikisiweyoNgelinge lokusinda, iintlanzi ziyandisa izinga lokuphefumla kwazo kunye nesantya sentliziyo, nto leyo ezityhalela ecaleni lokusilela kwentliziyo. Kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu, ukufa kwabantu abaninzi kwenzeka kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni nakwiindawo eziphambili zokuloba, nto leyo echaphazela ngqo uluntu oluxhomekeke kwezo zixhobo.
Iintlobo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zorhwebo zisabela ngokufudukela emanzini anzulu okanye ngokufudukela kwezinye iindawo ukuze zifumane iimeko ezingcono. Olu tshintsho luyitshintsha ngokupheleleyo imephu yokulobaIindawo apho iintlobo ezithile zazibanjwa khona ngokwesiko zibona ukubanjwa kuncipha, ngelixa ezinye iindawo ziqala ukufumana izixhobo ezintsha ngaphandle kokuba nezakhiwo ezifanelekileyo zolawulo.
Ingxelo ye-FAO kunye ne-WMO ibonisa ukuba la maza obushushu baselwandle azigcini nje ngokunciphisa ukufumaneka kweentlanzi ngokukhawulezakodwa ziyaphazamisa uthotho lokutya kwaselwandle: iiplankton, izilwanyana ezingenamqolo kunye nezilwanyana ezizingelayo eziphambili zinobudlelwane kunye nemijikelo yazo eguquliweyo, ngamanye amaxesha enemiphumo engaguqukiyo kwizinto ezahlukeneyo kunye nokulinganisela kweenkqubo zendalo zaselwandle.
Kwabo balobi beentlanzi abanobuchule kunye neenqanawa ezincinci, abaxhomekeke ekuqondeni ngokupheleleyo imijikelo yolwandle, Babona indlela le meko intsha yemozulu echaphazela ngayo indlela abaphila ngayo. Ukuncipha kokubanjwa kweentlanzi, ukungaqiniseki okukhulu, kunye nesidingo sokuhamba ngenqanawa kude okanye ixesha elide kwandisa iindleko, iingozi, kunye nokuba sesichengeni kwezentlalo noqoqosho lwamawakawaka eendawo ezikunxweme.
Abasebenzi basemaphandleni kunye nempilo yabantu xa bejamelene nobushushu obugqithisileyo
Ubushushu obugqithisileyo buchaphazela kakhulu abo baxhasa iinkqubo zokutya ngokusebenza nzima. Ingxelo ilumkisa ukuba Inani leentsuku ngonyaka apho kuyingozi ukusebenza ngaphandle ngenxa yobushushu Inokunyuka iye kuma-250 kwiindawo ezinkulu zaseMzantsi Asia, kwi-Afrika eshushu esezantsi kweSahara, nakwiindawo ezikuMbindi noMzantsi Melika.
Enyanisweni, oku kuthetha ukuba Abalimi, abafuyi beenkomo, kunye nabalobi baya kubona ukuba amandla abo okusebenza ngaphandle ayancitshiswa kakhulu. ngaphandle kokubeka ubomi babo emngciphekweni. Uxinzelelo lobushushu, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okugqithisileyo, iingxaki zentliziyo nezintso, okanye iingxaki kubantu abaneemeko ezikhoyo ziya kuba zixhaphake kakhulu ukuba amanyathelo angqongqo okhuseleko emsebenzini akamiselwa.
Imibutho yabalimi bamazwe ngamazwe, efana neLa Via Campesina, ifuna ukuba baqaphele umngcipheko okhulayo ojongene nabasebenzi basemaphandleni Bacela ukuba kwenziwe inyathelo elifanelekileyo ngembuyekezo yemali, ukuxolelwa kwamatyala, kunye notyalo-mali lukarhulumente olugxile ekuziqhelaniseni nemozulu. Bakwafuna nemithetho ecacileyo ethintela iiyure zokusebenza xa kushushu kakhulu kwaye iqinisekisa ukufikelela emthunzini, emanzini, kunye nekhefu lokuphumla elinyanzelekileyo.
Iingcali zigxininisa ukuba le meko Akupheleli nje kumazwe ahlwempuzekileyo okanye kwiindawo ezishushuImimandla eshushu kunye namazwe aphuhlileyo, njengalawo asemazantsi eYurophu, ajongene nokwanda okuphawulekayo kobushushu phakathi kwabasebenzi basefama ngexesha lasehlotyeni, nto leyo enyanzelisa ukuba kucingwe ngokutsha ngeeshedyuli zomsebenzi, iishifti kunye neenkqubo zokukhusela impilo.
Ukongeza kwimiphumo ethe ngqo yomzimba, kukho ubushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nokungaqiniseki kwemveliso okuhambelana noko Zichaphazela impilo yengqondo yoluntu lwasemaphandleniUkungaqiniseki ngesivuno esilandelayo, uloyiko lokulahlekelwa yimfuyo, okanye isoyikiso esisongelayo sokonakala kwezoqoqosho kubangela uxinzelelo olungapheliyo, ixhala, kunye nezinye iingxaki zengqondo ezihlala zingabonwa.
Isiphelo esingenasiphelo: imveliso engaphezulu ngemihlaba nezixhobo ezifikelele umda wazo
Iingxelo zabantu zibonisa ukuba, ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane, ihlabathi lisenokuba likhaya labanye abantu. Abantu abayi-10.000 bhiliyoni abaza kufuna ukondliwaUkuze kuhlangatyezwane nelo mfuno, imveliso yezolimo yehlabathi kuya kufuneka inyuke ukusuka kwiitoni ezimalunga ne-8.500 yeebhiliyoni namhlanje ukuya kwiitoni ezingaphezu kwe-15.000 zeebhiliyoni, nto leyo ephantse iphindwe kabini isivuno.
Nangona kunjalo, inyani iya kwicala elahlukileyo. Kwimimandla emininzi, isivuno sele sinqunyulwa phakathi. ngenxa yobushushu obugqithisileyo, imbalela engapheliyo, ukonakala komhlaba kunye neziganeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu, ezifana neemvula ezinkulu kunye nezikhukula ezitshabalalisa iifama zonke.
I-FAO ilumkisa ukuba isinye kwisithathu somhlaba olimekayo uyawohloka. Ukuphela kwezondlo ngenxa yokwanda, ukuxinana komhlaba ngenxa yoomatshini abanzima, ukuba yintlango okunxulunyaniswa nokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nokuncipha kwemvula, ukwenziwa kwetyuwa emanzini angaphantsi kolwandle ngenxa yokunyuka kwamanqanaba olwandle, kunye ungcoliseko olubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezichumisi kunye nezibulala-zinambuzane Bayawuphazamisa umgangatho wemveliso osekwe phezu kwawo umhlaba wonke.
Ngexesha elifutshane, impendulo ecacileyo isenokuba ukwandisa indawo yezityalo kunye namadlelo emfuyoKodwa iingcali zilumkisa ukuba iindleko zendalo, ezentlalo, nezoqoqosho zokulandela le ndlela ziya kuba nkulu kakhulu. Ukutshabalalisa indalo, ukunciphisa ngakumbi iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kunye nokungena emahlathini, kwiindawo ezimanzi, nakwiindawo ezifumileyo zasendle kuya kuyenza nzulu ingxaki yemozulu, kwandise ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo kwaye kwenze buthathaka ngakumbi iinkonzo zendalo ezixhasa ezolimo.
Ngoko ke, kukho isivumelwano esikhulayo sokuba icebo kufuneka ligxile kulo ukugcina nokubuyisela iinkqubo zendaloUkudibanisa imveliso yokutya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo nezizinzileyo. I-European Union kunye namazwe amaninzi akhuthaza amanyathelo okubuyisela iindawo ezonakaliswe yimozulu, ukuqinisa ukhuseleko lwezinto ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokukhuthaza iindlela zolimo ezihambelana nomhlaba osempilweni, amanzi, kunye nezilwanyana zasendle.
Ubushushu obugqithisileyo njengophinda-phindo lweengozi zemozulu
Ingongoma ephambili yengxelo ye-FAO-WMO yingcinga yokuba Ubushushu obugqithisileyo abusebenzi bodwa, kodwa buqinisa ezinye iingozi zemozulu.Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kukhawulezisa ukufuma kwamanzi, kubangele ukunqongophala kwamanzi, kwaye kubangele ukuba imbalela ikhule ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ekhokelela kwinto eyaziwa ngokuba yi "flash dreams." Ezi ziganeko zinokutshintsha, kwiiveki ezimbalwa nje, ukusuka kwimeko ebonakala iqhelekile ukuya kuxinzelelo olukhulu lwamanzi, nto leyo eshiya abalimi nabaphathi bamanzi bengenaxesha lingako lokuphendula.
Kwangelo xesha Ukudibana kobushushu nokomisa kubeka isiseko semililo yamahlathi enzima kakhulu nekunzima ukuyilawula.Amalangatye ayakhawuleza, afikelele phezulu, aze avelise ubushushu obunokutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo ibhanki yembewu kunye nobomi bomhlaba, nto leyo ethintela ukuhlaziywa kwendalo kwezityalo.
Ubushushu obugqithisileyo bukwadala iimeko ezifanelekileyo ukwanda kwezinambuzane nezifo kwizityalo nakwimfuyoIzinambuzane ebezingakwazi ukusinda ebusika ngaphambili ngoku ziyakwazi ukukhula kwixesha lokubanda, zandisa uluhlu lwazo. Oku kuyenzeka nakwifungi kunye neebhaktheriya ezibangela izifo kwizityalo, kwizilwanyana nakubantu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubushushu bunokulandelwa kukuqhambuka kwezinambuzane okanye izifo eziya kwenza imeko yezoqoqosho nezempilo ibe mandundu ngakumbi.
Ngokwembono yokhuseleko lokutya, konke oku kwenza imeko yomngcipheko odibeneyo: imveliso yezolimo nemfuyo engaphantsi, izixhobo zokuloba ezifudusiweyo okanye ezinciphileyo, amahlathi anciphileyo nawonakeleyo, kunye noluntu lwasemaphandleni oluchaphazeleka ngaxeshanye ziingxaki zemozulu, ezoqoqosho kunye nempilo.
Uhlengahlengiso olungxamisekileyo: ubugcisa obutsha, ulawulo lomngcipheko kunye neenkqubo zokulumkisa kwangethuba
Ngenxa yale meko, ingxelo igxininisa ukuba kubalulekile ukukhawulezisa amanyathelo okuziqhelanisa nobushushu obugqithisileyo kuwo onke amanqanabaEnye yeendlela zokuqala zokuthatha amanyathelo ibandakanya ukulungisa oko kuveliswayo nendlela okuveliswa ngayo kummandla ngamnye, ukulungisa izityalo, iintlobo zezilwanyana kunye neenkqubo zolawulo kwiimeko ezintsha zemozulu.
Phakathi kwamaqhinga akhankanyiweyo kukho Ukukhethwa kwemfuza kunye nokukhetha iintlobo kunye neentlobo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu kunye nembalela, ukuguqulwa kweshedyuli yokutyala ukuze kuthintelwe amanqanaba anzima ezityalo ngexesha lobushushu, kunye nokuqaliswa kweendlela zolawulo ezikhusela umhlaba kwaye ziphucule amandla awo okugcina amanzi, njengokugquma kwezityalo, amahlathi okanye ukunciphisa ukulinywa okunzulu.
Ukuhlaziya iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela yenye into ebalulekileyo. Kwimeko yokunqongophala kwamanzi, kuba yinto ebalulekileyo. ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokunkcenkceshela obusetyenziswa kwindawo ethile, izixhobo zokuva ukufuma komhlaba, ucwangciso oluhlengahlengisiweyo kwiimfuno zokwenyani zesityalo, kwaye ngokubanzi, ulawulo oluchanekileyo noluguquguqukayo lwezixhobo.
Los iinkqubo zokulumkisa kwangethuba kunye neenkonzo zemozulu Ezi zezinye zezona zixhobo zinamandla zokunciphisa impembelelo yobushushu obugqithisileyo. Uqikelelo lwexesha lonyaka, uqikelelo lwemozulu oluphezulu, kunye nezilumkiso ngeefowuni eziphathwayo okanye iindlela zasekuhlaleni zivumela abalimi kunye nabafuyi ukuba balindele amaza obushushu, bahlele kwakhona umsebenzi wabo, bakhusele izilwanyana, balungise ukunkcenkceshela, kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, baphephe ilahleko enkulu.
Iingcali zigxininisa ukuba ezi zisombululo zobuchwepheshe ziya kusebenza kuphela ukuba zifakwe kwi inkxaso-mali kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko loluntuUkudluliselwa kwemali, i-inshurensi yezolimo nemfuyo ehlengahlengisiweyo ngokwemeko yemozulu, iindlela zokuhlawula ngokukhawuleza emva kweziganeko ezigqithisileyo, kunye neendlela zokhuseleko loluntu ezikwaziyo ukuphendula kwiingxaki zibalulekile kwiintsapho zasemaphandleni ukuze zenze izigqibo zokuziqhelanisa ngaphandle kokubeka ubomi bazo emngciphekweni.
Ukutshintsha imodeli: iinkqubo zokutya ezahlukeneyo nezizinzileyo
Ngaphaya kwamanyathelo athile obuchwephesha, i-FAO, i-WMO, kunye neengcali ezininzi zikhomba ku imfuneko yokuguqula ngokusisiseko imodeli yokutya kwezolimoIinkqubo eziphucuke kakhulu kwezoshishino, ezisekelwe kwizityalo ezimbalwa kunye nezinto ezizodwa ezifakwayo, zithathwa njengezisengozini kakhulu kwiziganeko ezigqithisileyo. Nakuphi na ukungaphumeleli kwinxalenye ebalulekileyo (isityalo esiphambili, isichumisi, umthombo othile wokutya) kunokubangela uthotho lweempembelelo ezibangelwa kukwehla kwezityalo.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, umdla uyanda Iimodeli zezolimo ezahlukeneyo ngakumbi, ezidityaniswe nokusingqongileyo kwaye zinamandla amakhulu okumelana neengxakiOku kuquka ukubuyiselwa kweendlela zemveli ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwemithi kwiinkqubo zolimo (i-agroforestry), ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo, ukwahlukana kweentlobo zezityalo zasekuhlaleni ezihlengahlengisiweyo, kunye nokukhuthaza imimandla ye-mosaic edibanisa ukusetyenziswa komhlaba okwahlukeneyo.
Olu tshintsho alujolisanga nje ekuphuculeni ukuqina komzimba kubushushu obugqithisileyo, kodwa lukwajolise nasekuphuculeni ukuqinisa uqoqosho nempilo yoluntu lwasemaphandleniUlimo oluzinzileyo ngakumbi, olusebenzisa igalelo elincinci langaphandle kwaye olunxulumene ngcono neenkqubo zendalo ezingqongileyo, lunokubonelela ngozinzo olukhulu lwezoqoqosho lwexesha elide ngokungaxhomekeki kakhulu kwiimveliso ezisengozini yokuphazamiseka kwehlabathi okanye ukunyuka kwamaxabiso.
Kakade ke, asilotshintsho lulula. Kufuneka utshintsho olunzulu lweziko kunye nezopolitiko. Ukuxhasa iindawo zasemaphandleni: izikhokelo zomthetho ezikhuthaza ukwahlukahlukana, izikhuthazo zoqoqosho zeendlela ezizinzileyo, utyalo-mali kwiziseko ezingqongileyo eziluhlaza, uphando olusetyenzisiweyo, kunye noqeqesho oluqhubekayo lwabalimi kunye nabafuyi bemfuyo. Ukubandakanyeka okukhulu kweenkampani ezinkulu zokutya kwezolimo nako kubalulekile, njengoko zinempembelelo enkulu kwinto eveliswayo, indlela, kunye nendawo.
Iingxelo ziyavuma ukuba ukukhusela ikamva lezolimo nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya kwihlabathi kuya kufuna ukuqinisa ukuqina kwamafama, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ukwakha umanyano lokwenyani lwamazwe ngamazweUkwabelana ngeengozi, ukudlulisela ubuchwepheshe, ukuxhasa ngemali uhlengahlengiso kumazwe angenazo izixhobo ezisemgangathweni, kunye nokuya ngqo kuqoqosho olunemveliso engaphantsi komoya ongcolileyo kuba ziimeko ezibalulekileyo zokuthintela ukuwohloka kokutya kwihlabathi liphela.
Ubushushu obugqithisileyo buchaza ngokutsha imithetho yomdlalo wezityalo, izilwanyana, iintlanzi, amahlathi, kunye nabantu, kuvavanya indlela esivelisa nesasaza ngayo ukutya; eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokuhlangabezana nalo mceli mngeni kukudibanisa ukuziqhelanisa ngobuchule emhlabeni, iinkqubo zokulumkisa kwangethuba, kunye nenkxaso-mali kunye notshintsho olukhulu kwiinkqubo zokutya kwezolimo kunye ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya ngamandla ukunqanda ukufudumala kwehlabathi ngaphambi kokuba ilahleko ingaphinde ibuyele kwimeko yayo yangaphambili.
