Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, siye sabona ihlobo elandayo nelishushu. Sisenokufumana imvakalelo yokuba amaxesha onyaka adibeneyo, kangangokuba, ngakumbi kummandla weMeditera, eli gama liye laqulunqwa. ihlobo. Le nto inokukholisa abo bangonwabanga ubusika, kodwa kwelinye icala, ibangela iingxaki ezininzi kwabo bathwaxwa yi-allergies.
Imozulu epholileyo eyenzeka ixesha elide ivumela izityalo ukuba zidubule ixesha elide, nto leyo ekhokelela ekusasazweni okukhulu kwezityalo Poland emoyeni. Omnye waloo pollen ufikelela emathatheni ethu, yaye abanye abantu bavakalelwa kakhulu kuwo. Eyona nto ididayo kakhulu kukuba, kunikwe i ukufudumala kwehlabathi, I-allergies iya kuqhubeka nokunyuka kwinani kunye nobunzima kunye nomngcipheko wezifo ezibangelwa amajoni omzimba unokunyuka. Oku kubonwa kumxholo we impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu kwi-allergies.
Nangona kunjalo, ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu asikokuphela kwento ebangela le meko. Imbalela kunye ukumoshwa komoya ziingxaki ezibalulekileyo ngokulinganayo. Yena UGqr. Angel Moral, umongameli weKomiti ye-Aerobiology ye-Spanish Society ye-Allergology kunye ne-Clinical Immunology (SEAIC) kunye ne-allergist kwi-Toledo Hospital Complex, igxininisa ukuba "Kukho unxulumano oluthe ngqo phakathi kongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokwanda kwamatyala omoya wokuphefumla.. Amalungu akhutshwa kukutsha kwenjini yedizili kunye nokufudumeza adala imeko-bume engathandekiyo kwizityalo, ezithi, xa zisongelwa, zivelise iiproteni ezenza umungu ube ndlongondlongo.
Ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu nako kwandisa amaxesha okudluliselwa kwepoleni, ngoko ke i-rhinitis ayisekho ngexesha lonyaka. Oku kwenziwa mandundu ngakumbi kukuhla kwemvula, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunyamalaleni kweentlobo zezityalo ezisesichengeni, nto leyo eshiya indawo kuphela kwezona zixhathisayo, zinoxanduva lokuveliswa kwezityalo. utywala, njenge-salsola, ukhula oluxhaphake kakhulu kwimisele kunye namasimi ezityalo. Imfuneko yokuphumeza amanyathelo okujongana nokuba sesichengeni kuya kucaca ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu kwizinto ezingadibaniyo nezilwanyana
El kutshintsha kwe mozulu iye yaba ngunobangela obalulekileyo ekwandeni okukhawulezileyo kwe-allergies kwihlabathi liphela. UMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) uqikelela ukuba ngo-2050, isiqingatha sabemi behlabathi sinokuchaphazeleka ubuncinane luhlobo olunye lokwaliwa okanye isifo sombefu, ngenxa yezinto ezininzi eziguquguqukayo ezinxulunyaniswa nezifo. ukufudumala kwehlabathi, okungabandakanyi nje ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, kodwa kunye nongcoliseko kunye nokulahleka kwezinto eziphilayo. Oku kunokunxulunyaniswa nezifundo kwi ukuziqhelanisa nezityalo kutshintsho lwemozulu.
Ukwalana kwenzeka xa amajoni omzimba esabela ngokugqithisileyo kwizinto zasemzini ezibizwa iiallergen, njengomungu, inkwethu yezilwanyana, okanye ukutya okuthile. Ukunyuswa kwe-pollen emoyeni, okubangelwa yimeko yemozulu, kwandisa umngcipheko we-sensitization kunye ne-allergies kubantu abaxhomekeke ngaphambili. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngonyaka wama-2100, umthamo wepollen oveliswa ngexesha leentyantyambo unokunyuka 40%. Oku kukhula kwe-pollen kuhambelana ngqo ne iziphumo zokutshintsha kwemozulu eYurophu.
I-allergies iyanda, ngakumbi kubantwana, kwaye kukholelwa ukuba isiphumo sezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinjengongcoliseko lomoya, ukungondleki kakuhle, kunye nolawulo olungafanelekanga lwamayeza. Imithombo ye ungcoliseko lomoya, ezisuka kwimizi-mveliso kunye nokuhamba kwezithuthi kwimimandla yasezidolophini, nazo zichongiwe njengomngcipheko omkhulu kubantu abangevayo. Ukuba unomdla ngakumbi malunga noku, unokujonga inqaku Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nemiphumo yayo eCatalonia.
Iinkcukacha-manani kunye nezifundo malunga nezinto ezikwaliwayo
Uphononongo olwenziweyo, olufana nolo lwaseHarvard, luqinisekisile ukuba kutshintsha kwe mozulu ibangela a ukwanda kwezifo ze-immune-mediated ezifana nesifuba, i-allergies, izifo ze-autoimmune, kunye nomhlaza. Abaphandi babonise ukuba uxinzelelo lwemozulu luchaphazela ukuvezwa komntu (isimbuku sokuvezwa kwendalo kubomi bonke), ukuguqula amajoni ethu omzimba. Esi sihloko sinxulumene impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu kwimpilo yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwendlela yokuphila yasezidolophini, kunye nokuchanabeka rhoqo kwii-agent ezahlukeneyo zemichiza kunye nelahleko yeentlobo-ntlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana eziphilayo, nazo zichongiwe njengesona singqinisiso sokwanda utywala kuluntu lwehlabathi. Ukuchanabeka kwizinto ezingcolisa umoya, emanzini, nasekutyeni kunokubangela umonakalo kwimiqobo ekhusela umzimba, njengolusu kunye nenwebu. Lo monakalo wandisa ukungena kwe-allergener kunye ne-microbes, ebangela ukwanda kwe-proinflammatory reactions. Ngaloo ndlela, i-allergies kunye ne-asthma zinxulunyaniswa ngakumbi nezi ngxaki, nto leyo eyenza imfuno yonyango ingxamiseke ngakumbi. imfuno yohlalutyo lokufudumala kwehlabathi kunye nefuthe lako.
Imiba yeklimati eyenza ukuba izinto zibe mandundu
I-WHO iye yavakalisa inkxalabo ngeengozi zokunyuka kobushushu bomhlaba, igxininisa amandla ako okwenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba aze abangele ukufa nyaka ngamnye. Inyaniso, ISpain lelinye lamazwe amathathu aseYurophu anelona nani liphezulu lokufa okunxulumene nobushushu.. Ingxelo yamva nje evela kwiWorld Meteorological Organisation (WMO) iphawule ukuba unyaka ka-2023 ngowona nyaka ushushu kwirekhodi, kunye ne-avareji yobushushu behlabathi inyuka 1.45 ° C ngaphezulu kwamanqanaba angaphambi koshishino. Oku kukhokelele ekunyukeni komndilili ophezulu wobushushu kwilizwekazi laseYurophu, apho izinto ezifana nekhephu entwasahlobo okanye ubushushu ebusika ziya zixhaphaka. Ukuqonda ngcono impembelelo yayo, kuyanceda ukuphonononga ukuba njani Izixeko zinokunyamalala ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Abantu abane-rhinitis ye-allergic okanye i-hay fever bachaphazeleka kakhulu kukuphazamiseka kwemijikelezo yokusingqongileyo. Ukunyuka okuphezulu kwinani le-pollen, eqhutywa ngamanqanaba aphezulu CO2, kunye nokuqhubela phambili kunye nokwandiswa kwexesha leentyantyambo ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaqondo okushisa, kwandisa i-allergenicity ngexesha lonyaka. Ukwandisa, umthamo we-pollen emoyeni unokuchaphazela ukubonakala kweempawu izifo zokuphefumla, ebonisa ukubaluleka kokuqonda utshintsho kwi-ikhosistim ngenxa yokufudumala kwehlabathi.
Amanyathelo okunciphisa impembelelo ye-allergies
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokunciphisa impembelelo yokwandisa i-allergies. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- Tyala imithi engabangeli ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile: Ukukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo kweentlobo zemithi xa kuyilwa iindawo eziluhlaza ezidolophini kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kwe-pollen allergy.
- Nciphisa itrafikhiUkunciphisa ukungcoliseka komoya ngokulawula ukuthuthwa kwezithuthi kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukusabela komzimba. Le mpembelelo inxulumene iipolisi ezintsha zotyalo-mali lwamafutha.
- Ukusebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo yoluntu: Kubalulekile ukuba oorhulumente baphumeze imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo ezijongana nempilo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kongcoliseko, njengoko kuxoxiwe kwimfuno yenza izixhobo zokubona utshintsho lwemozulu.
Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabemi, amagunya asekuhlaleni kunye neengcali zempilo yoluntu kubalulekile ukudala indawo ekhuthaza impilo enempilo kwaye ingenasifo ngakumbi. iiallergen. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga ne-pollen ekhoyo emoyeni, ungabonisana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-pollen.
Indima yeteknoloji kunye nolwazi
Itekhnoloji idlala indima ebalulekileyo kulawulo lokwaliwa. Ukusebenzisa ii-apps eziphathwayo kunye namaqonga akwi-intanethi aqokelela idatha kumgangatho womoya kunye nokubalwa kwe-pollen kunokunceda abantu abane-allergies baphephe ukuvezwa kwi-allergener. Oku kuba luncedo ngakumbi kwimixholo ye kutshintsha kwe mozulu.
Ukudala izilumkiso ze-pollen kunye noqikelelo oluqhubekayo oluhlaziywayo luncedo kakhulu kwabo babandezeleka ngenxa ye-aleji. Ukongeza, ukukhuthazwa kwe Uqoqosho olujikelezayo Kwizixeko, ukwandisa ubomi obuluncedo beemveliso ezinokuthi zingcolise nako kunegalelo ekuphuculeni umgangatho womoya, onxulumene utyalo-mali kwiziseko ezingundoqo zohlaza.
Ukusuka kuluntu lwenzululwazi kunye nezonyango, uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukuze uqonde ngcono indlela imozulu echaphazela ngayo impilo, ngakumbi i-allergies. Izifundo ziyafuneka ukuba zivavanye ifuthe leemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo kwimpilo yabantu kwaye zifune izisombululo ezisebenzayo zokulungisa ezi ngxaki, ezifana nezo zichazwe iilebhu zendalo eSpain.
Imiba ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwimpilo yoluntu
Ukutshintsha kwemozulu akuyongxaki yokusingqongileyo kuphela, kodwa kwakhona a imeko engxamisekileyo yezempilo. Ngokophando lwakutsha nje, uninzi lwabemi baseYurophu lujonga ukutshintsha kwemozulu njengengxaki enkulu kwaye bazimisele ukuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa indawo yabo yendalo. Impilo yoluntu kufuneka ibe yinto ephambili njengoko sijongene nemiphumo yokutshintsha kwemozulu, njengoko kubonakala kwisidingo ukujongana neziganeko ezigqithisileyo.
Uxanduva olwabelwanayo lubalulekile: abemi kufuneka baziswe ngeemeko zokusingqongileyo kunye neengozi ezinxulumene nokwaliwa, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba oorhulumente kunye namaziko ezempilo athathe amanyathelo okujongana nale ngxaki ngokufanelekileyo. Ungenelelo kufuneka luxhaswe lulwazi lwenzululwazi kunye nokubekwa kweliso okuqhubekayo kweemeko zemo engqongileyo.
Ukudala iindawo ezizinzileyo zohlaza kunye nokukhuthaza ukungafani kwezinto eziphilayo zezinye zezicwangciso ezinokuthi ziphunyezwe ukuphucula impilo yoluntu kwaye, emva koko, ukunciphisa impembelelo ye-allergies. Indima yeentlobo zezityalo ezisetyenziselwa ukucwangciswa kweedolophu kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo ukuba zibe negalelo ekudaleni indawo ephilileyo, ngakumbi ngokumalunga ukuvezwa kwezityalo kutshintsho lwemozulu.
Amanyathelo asebenzayo abalulekile: ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza okuthintela, ukuqhuba amaphulo okufundisa malunga nokungalungi kunye nezinto ezibangela ukuba zibangele, kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi olucacileyo malunga nendlela yokulawula iimpawu zokuxhatshazwa ngamanyathelo anokunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi kwabo babandezeleka ngenxa ye-allergies.
