Uphando lwakutsha nje luqaqambise into enqabileyo yokwakheka komhlaba ethi iguqule kancinane ilizwekazi laseAfrika kubunzulu balo.Iingcali zenzululwazi ezivela kwiiyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo zaseYurophu, ezikhokelwa yiYunivesithi yaseSouthampton, zichonge i-pulses engapheliyo yamatye atyhidiweyo aphuma kwingubo yoMhlaba, ebangela ukuba iipleyiti zetectonic zahlukane kwingingqi yase-Afar yase-Ethiopia.
Oku kufunyenweyo kunika ingcaciso entsha yendlela amazwekazi aqhekeka ngayo.Kunokuba ibe yinto eqhubekayo, abaphandi baye babhala indlela ezi zinto zinyuka ngayo ngendlela "yezingqimba" zesingqisho, ezifana neentliziyo ze-geological. Oku kuguquguquka kusenokuba noxanduva lokuqalisa kolwandle olutsha, oluya kuvela njengoko iipleyiti zetectonic ziqhubeka nokutshintsha.
Ummandla waseAfar umele enye yezona ndawo zingazinzanga kwiplanethi., apho kudibana khona iintanda ezintathu ezinkulu: iRift yoLwandle Olubomvu, iGophe laseAden, neTopiya Rift. Oku kuhlangana kwenza kube yilabhoratri yendalo yokwenyani yokufunda ukuba iLithosphere yoMhlaba yaphuka njani.Kangangamashumi eminyaka, kwakucingelwa ukuba kukho intambo yokwambatha phantsi kwalo mmandla; nangona kunjalo, de kube olu phononongo, ukuziphatha kwayo kwakungachongwa ngokweenkcukacha ezinjalo.
Intsiba yengubo ebetha ngaphantsi kweenyawo zethu
Uhlalutyo lweesampulu ezingaphezulu kwe-130 zamatye e-volcanic asuka kummandla uye wavumela ukwakhiwa kwakhona kwesakhiwo kunye nokwakhiwa kolu luhlu lwezinto ezishushu.Abaphandi baye bafumanisa i-asymmetrical plume enye ekhupha i-pulse yamatye atyhidiweyo rhoqo. Ezi pulses, kude nokuba zizenzekele, zivelisa iipateni zekhemikhali eziphindaphindwayo ezithelekiswe neebhakhowudi zejoloji.
Ezi patheni ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisantya apho iipleyiti zetectonic zihamba zohlukana., wachaza uNjingalwazi uTom Gernon, omnye wababhali besifundo. Kwimimandla apho iipleyiti zihamba ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi, njengeRift yoLwandle oluBomvu, iipulses zinyuka ngokufanelekileyo, zivumela ukwenzeka kwentaba-mlilo.
Oku kufunyaniswayo kuthetha ukuba i-mantle kunye ne-tectonic plates ayenzi ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa ixhunyiwe ngakumbi kunokuba bekucingelwa ngaphambili.. Ukuhamba kwe-magma kuqhuba ezi ntshukumo ukusuka nzulu kwiplanethi., kwaye ngokulandelelana, ukuguquguquka komphezulu kulungelelanisa indlela ephuma ngayo le nto.
Iimpembelelo kwikamva lejoloji yelizwekazi
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-mantle plume kunye nokuziphatha kweetectonic plates kuvule iindlela ezintsha zokufunda malunga nentaba-mlilo, iinyikima kunye nokwakhiwa kolwandle.NgokukaGqr. Derek Keir, omnye wabaphandi abaphambili, oku kuxhomekeka komnye umntu kubonisa ukuba iinkqubo zangaphakathi zoMhlaba kutshaneli yentaba-mlilo kwiindawo ezinoqweqwe olucekethekileyo, ezinokuchaza ukuba kutheni ezinye iintaba-mlilo zivela kwiindawo ezithile.
Uphando lukwanecandelo elibonakalayo lolungiselelo.Amaziko emfundo alishumi avela eYurophu naseAfrika athathe inxaxheba, kwaye yayikhokelwa ngu-Emma Watts weYunivesithi yaseSwansea. Ukudityaniswa komsebenzi wangaphandle, umfuziselo wamanani, kunye nohlalutyo lwejografi kwakubalulekile ekutyhileni le phazili yangaphantsi komhlaba.
Yintoni eyenzekayo phantsi kwe-Afar inokuphinda iphindwe kwezinye iindawo zeplanethi apho iimeko ezifanayo zikhona.Ngokuphonononga indlela oluvuleka ngayo olu qhekeko lutsha lwelizwekazi kunye nendlela oluya kuthi ekugqibeleni luzalise ngayo amanzi olwandle, izazinzulu zinokuyiqonda ngcono indlela ezinye iilwandle, njengeAtlantiki, ezakha ngayo kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo.
Ukuzalwa kolwandle olutsha
Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba, nangona inkqubo icotha kakhulu, ayisiyongcamango ekude.Ukwahlulwa ngokuthe ngcembe kweetectonic plates kummandla waseAfar kuya kubangela ukuba amanzi olwandle angene kule ndawo kwizigidi zeminyaka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ulwandle olutsha.
Olu tshintsho lwejoloji lunika ithuba elikhethekileyo lokujonga ngexesha lokwenyani ukuba utshintsha njani umphezulu woMhlaba.Ngokungafaniyo neminye imimandla apho iziganeko ezinjalo zenzeke kudala, i-Afar ibonelela ngefestile ephilayo kwixesha elidlulileyo kunye nekamva leplanethi.
Ngaphaya koko, ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo zivumela uhlengahlengiso kwiimodeli zangoku zenyikima kunye nentaba-mlilo., ukulindela iingozi zendalo ezinokuthi zibe kho kunye nokuphucula ukucwangciswa kwiindawo zejoloji eziphezulu ezifana ne-Horn of Africa.
Oku kufunyaniswa kwee-pulsations ezinzulu akubonisi nje impumelelo ekuqondeni kwethu iinkqubo zangaphakathi zesijikelezi-langa, kodwa kukwaphembelela uphononongo lweengozi zejoloji, ukubunjwa kobutyebi bendalo, kunye ne-geodynamic evolution yamazwekazi.