Las amanzi amdaka ziye zaba ngumcimbi oxhalabisayo kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje ukususela okufanayo ayinakufunxwa kwaye ithintelwe yimekobume ngokwayo. Kukho kwakhona into yokuba izityalo ezininzi ze unyango lwelindle (ingakumbi ezo zikwinxalenye yeAsia neAfrika) zisebenza kakubi. Oku kubonisa umngcipheko obalulekileyo kungekuphela nje kwimpilo yoluntu, kodwa nakwimekobume ngokwayo.
Uninzi lweentsilelo esizifumana kwizityalo zonyango zibangelwa ikakhulu ukusetyenziswa kweetekhnoloji eziphelelwe lixesha, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluphantsi lokugcinwa kwayo kunye nemiqobo ye-bureaucratic. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenkxalabo ekhulayo yokuba umba wamanzi amdaka ube nawo, kuye kwavela ubugcisa obutsha bokuwaphatha kakuhle nangexabiso eliphantsi. Makhe sizazi ezinye zazo.
I-oxidation ephezulu
Ukucocwa kwamanzi nge inaliti ye-ozone ephuculweyo Kuvele ukuba sisisombululo esigqwesileyo kwaye singabizi kangako. Le teknoloji ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezinje:
Inoluhlu olubanzi lwezenzo
I-ozone etofelwe emanzini iyakwazi ukuphelisa kuphela ii-microorganisms eziyingozi kodwa kunye neekhompawundi ezintsonkothileyo zezinto eziphilayo kunye neekhemikhali ezingonakali njengemekyuri okanye ilothe. Oku kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokufunda i iziphumo ze-ozone ekucocweni kwamanzi amdaka, kwakunye namalinge eprojekthi yezigidi zeerandi afana nala iTshayina ezifuna ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi kunye iindlela ezisebenzayo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka Basisitshixo.
Inokusebenza kakuhle kakhulu
Yongeza nje inani elincinci le-ozone emanzini ukuba aphathwe ukufikelela ekubulaleni iintsholongwane okukhulu kunye nokupheliswa kwezinto eziyingozi. Oku kukwaqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yangoku yokukhupha. Akufunekanga ilityalwe ukuba ukutofa i-O3 kukwanciphisa ukuveliswa kodaka kunye nentlenga, okukhokelela kwiindlela ezisebenzayo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, ezibalulekileyo namhlanje.
Iindleko zilungiselelwe
Iozone yirhasi yeoksijini etyebe kakhulu enokuthi iphinde isetyenziswe kwiitanki zebhayoloji. Le nyaniso yenza esi sisombululo sibe ne unikezelo olubanzi kwimarike kwaye ke ngoko, inzuzo ebalaseleyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kucetyiswa ngokukodwa kwezo ndawo apho kukho ukuchasana okunamandla kokungcoliseka kunyango lwe-biological. Ngoko ke, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba ukwazi iindlela ezisebenzayo zokunyanga amanzi amdaka kwinqanaba lehlabathi, ngakumbi kwimeko apho i kutshintsha kwe mozulu ichaphazela ubutyebi bamanzi.
Isisombululo ngesitofu se-CO₂
Ukuba oko kufunwayo kukunciphisa i-alkalinity kumanzi amdaka kwaye, kwangaxeshanye, kuncitshiswe impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ngenxa yeziphumo ezinokwenzeka zesibini, ke ukusetyenziswa kwenaliti ye-CO₂ kuya kuba sisisombululo esifanelekileyo. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezibonelelo zayo ngezantsi.
Iyakwazi ukwenzeka kakhulu
Unyango lwamanzi lwe-CO₂ lujika lube yinto enokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze kube njalo ilungiselelwe izixhobo ezininzi. Oku kwenza unyango lwamanzi amdaka kusetyenziswa inaliti ye-CO₂ esinye sezona zisombululo zisetyenziswa kakhulu nezithembekileyo kwimarike. Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezithe kratya malunga nendlela ezi buchule zisetyenziswa ngayo, unokubonisana nolwazi olunxulumene ne kutshintsha kwe mozulu kunye nefuthe layo kwimithombo yamanzi, ukulawula iindlela ezisebenzayo zokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Sisisombululo esinoqoqosho kakhulu
Ngokungafaniyo nokusetyenziswa kwezinye iigesi zamaminerali kunye ne-acids, inaliti ye-CO₂ isisombululo esinoqoqosho kakhulu, ekubeni ngokungahlaseli izakhiwo apho isetyenziswe khona, iyanciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa. Lo mba usisiseko, ngakumbi xa kuziwa kutyalo-mali kwiziseko zoncedo zonyango kunye ne ezona ndlela zingcono zokusebenzisa ezi nkqubo kwintsimi yokucoca amanzi amdaka.
Impembelelo kokusingqongileyo incinci
Ngokuchasene nezisombululo ezisekelwe kwi-neutraizing CO₂, isisombululo ngokujova le gesi ine-a impembelelo encinci emoyeni. Oku kungenxa yokuba esi sisombululo senza ngokubambisa ngokusisigxina i-CO₂ kwaye siyigcine ngendlela ye-hydrogen carbonate, into engathathi hlangothi kwindalo.
Ukongeza kwiindlela ezimbini zangaphambili, obunye ubuchwephesha obutsha obufana nonyango lwe-oksijini ecocekileyo (Nexelia), i-membrane filtration, iiseli ze-microbial fuel, njl.