Imozulu yomhlaba

Ngaba ukhe uzibuze injani imo yezulu? Siyazi ukuba kuyabanda kakhulu, kwaye imbonakalo yomhlaba igqunywe likhephu uninzi lonyaka, kodwa ... kutheni le nto kunjalo? Bobuphi kanye kanye obona bushushu buncinci kunye nobona bukhulu oburekhodwayo kwiindawo ezinolu hlobo lwemozulu?

Kule nto ekhethekileyo ndiza kukuxelela konke malunga nemozulu polar, eyona nto ibandayo eMhlabeni.

Iimpawu zemozulu ye-polar

Isimo sezulu se-polar sibonakala phantse sihlala sinaso amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi ko 0ºCUkuba nako ukufika kude kube -93ºC (kwiPole eseMantla), kuba imitha yelanga ifike ithambekele kakhulu ngokubhekisele kumphezulu womhlaba. Imvula inqabile, ukufuma okulinganayo kuphantsi kakhulu kwaye umoya uvuthuza ngamandla ufikelela kwi-97km / h, ke ukuhlala apha phantse akunakwenzeka (nangona, njengoko siza kubona apha ngezantsi, kukho izilwanyana kunye nezityalo eziye zakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nale meko inenzondelelo).

Ilanga ezipalini likhanya lingaphazanyiswa kangangeenyanga ezintandathu (entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni). Ezi nyanga zaziwa ngegama lika »Usuku lwePolar». Kodwa kwezinye ezintandathu (ekwindla nasebusika) ihlala ifihliwe, yiyo loo nto isaziwa njenge »Ubusuku bePolar».

Umzekelo wegrafu yemozulu esezantsi

Ukufumana umbono ocacileyo wokuba injani imozulu ye-polar kule mimandla yehlabathi, masithathe umzekelo wesimo sezulu saseSvalbard, esisisiqithi esikwi-Arctic Glacial Ocean. Eyona nyanga inamanzi nguAgasti, yehla malunga nama-25mm, ize eyona yomileyo ngoMeyi, yehle malunga ne-15mm; Esona sifudumeleyo nguJuni, kubushushu obungu-6-7ºC, okona kubanda ngoJanuwari, ngo -16ºC.

Ifumaneka phi?

Kwiplanethi yoMhlaba zimbini iindawo ezinkulu ezibandayo, phakathi kwama-65º kunye nama-90º kumantla nomazantsi, nto leyo eyi ipali yasemantla kunye IPole yaseMzantsi. Kowokuqala, sifumana iArctic Circle, kwaye kweyesibini, yiAntarctic Circle. Kodwa kweminye imimandla yeentaba eziphakamileyo, ezinje ngeencopho zeHimalaya, iiAndes okanye iintaba zaseAlaska, kukho imo yezulu efana ncam naleyo yeepolar, ngenxa yoko zihlala zifakiwe kubume bendawo yemozulu.

Iindidi zemozulu emhlophe

Nangona sinokucinga ukuba lunye kuphela uhlobo lwemozulu epolar, enyanisweni yahlulwe yangamabini:

• emathafeni: yenye yezityalo ezingakhuli kakhulu; inkoliso yazo yingca emfutshane. Njengoko sisondela kwisangqa se-polar, sifumana imbonakalo yomhlaba phantse kungekho zityalo. Izityalo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezilwanyana zihlala apha, njengebhere emhlophe.
• Umkhenkce okanye umkhenkce: ingqamana nokuphakama okungaphezulu kwe-4.700, 0m. Amaqondo obushushu asezantsi kakhulu: uhlala engaphantsi kweedigri eziyi-XNUMX.

Imozulu eAntarctica

Kakhulu, amaqondo ashushu asezantsi kakhulu arekhodwe eAntarctica. Imozulu yetundra yenzeka kwimimandla eselunxwemeni nakwingingqi ekuthiwa yiAntarctic, kwaye iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi kwenyanga yehlobo ngamaqondo ayi-0, kwaye ebusika ubuncinci bunokwehla buye kwi -83ºC, nangaphezulu. Iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi ngonyaka li -17ºC.

Ayifumani misebe yelanga, kwaye, ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-90 zayo ziboniswa ngumkhenkce, ngaloo ndlela uthintela umphezulu ekufudumaleni. Ngesi sizathu, iAntarctica ibizwa ngokuba "sisiqandisi somhlaba."

Imozulu eArctic

Imozulu e-Arctic igqithile, kodwa hayi kakhulu njenge-Antarctic. Ubusika buyabanda kakhulu, ngamaqondo obushushu anokwehla aye -45ºC, kwaye ade aye -68ºC. Ehlotyeni, elihlala iiveki ezintandathu ukuya kwezilishumi, iqondo lobushushu limnandi ngakumbi kwi-10ºC.

Ukufuma kuphantsi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwasehlotyeni kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni. Iqondo lobushushu lonke lonyaka liyabanda kakhulu, kwaye amanzi awanciphi ngomphunga. Ngokufanayo, Imvula inqabile, ingakumbi ebusika.

Iintyatyambo ezimhlophe

Iintyatyambo zibonakala ngokuba nobukhulu obuncinci. Umoya uvunguza ngamandla amakhulu, ke kubalulekile ukuhlala kufutshane kakhulu nomhlaba. Kodwa akukho lula, kuba kuhlala kubanda phantse unyaka wonke. Ke, le mithi ayinakuphila, ke umhlaba omncinci onokuhlalwa zizityalo wenziwa ikoloni ngu Ubulembu, ubulembu y khuhla.

Imifuno inokufumaneka kwi-tundra kuphela, kuba kwiintlango ezimhlophe zommandla weqhwa iimeko azibufanelanga ubomi.

Izilwanyana zomhlaba

Izilwanyana polar luphawulwa imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokuzikhusela engqeleni kakhulu. Ukufezekisa oku, bathathe iifom ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo: kukho ezinye ezinengubo eshinyeneyo kwaye zide ziqokelele amanqatha angaphantsi; kukho abanye abakha iitonela okanye iigalari ezingaphantsi komhlaba, kwaye kukho nabanye abakhetha ukufuduka.

Phakathi kwezona zilwanyana zimelwe kakhulu iibhere ezimnyama, Esona silwanyana sikhulu sasemanzini kwiArctic, the ingcuka, i imusk yenkomo, okanye ibhokhwe yekhephu. Kukwakho nezilwanyana zasemanzini, ezinje nge amatywina, Ingcuka yolwandle, okanye ookrebe, njenge ISomniosus microcephalus otya iibhere ezimhlophe.

Kwaye oku sigqibile. Ucinga ntoni ngolwazi lwemozulu epolar?