I-Meteorology: iNzululwazi, ukubaluleka kunye nosetyenziso oluSebenzayo

La zemozulu yingqeqesho kwezenzululwazi nakwezobuchwephesha ezinoxanduva lokufunda kunye nokuqikelela izinto ezahlukeneyo ezenzeka kwi iatmosfera. Eyona njongo yayo iphambili kukuqonda ukusebenza kwayo, ukwakheka kwayo, ulwakhiwo kunye nendaleko. Ngaphaya koko, ijolise ekwenzeni uqikelelo imihla ngemihla eziluncedo kakhulu kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yabantu efana nezolimo, i-aeronautics, ukuhamba, imisebenzi yasemkhosini, ukubikezela izifo, ukuthintela umlilo, phakathi kwabanye.

Ezimbini iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko kwimeteorology zezi ixesha kunye mozulu. I ixesha ibhekisa kukuziphatha kwe iatmosfera kwindawo ethile nakwithuba lexesha elingadluliyo kwiveki enye. Kwelinye icala, i mozulu Sisiphumo seenkcukacha-manani zexesha kwithuba elide, elinokusukela kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30. Izifundo ze imvelaphi, ephonononga idatha yamandulo, isinceda siqonde ngcono iipatheni zemozulu, ezifana nobushushu obuqhelekileyo beplanethi ngexesha glaciations. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukwazi umahluko phakathi kwemozulu nemozulu ukuqonda ngcono ezi ngqikelelo.

Ulwazi malunga ne imbalela Ikwanxulumene ne zemozulu, ekubeni ichaphazela imozulu yemimandla eyahlukahlukeneyo.

Imiba ePhambili kwiMeteorology

Izazi ngemozulu zinika ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kwizinto eziliqela ekuphuhliseni uhlalutyo noqikelelo lwazo. Zezi:

• Ubushushu: Ilinganisa ubushushu obukwi-atmosfera kwaye ibalulekile kuqikelelo lwemozulu.
• Ukufuma: Ibonisa ubungakanani bomphunga wamanzi okhoyo emoyeni.
• Uxinzelelo lomoya: Bubunzima bomoya kwinqanaba elinikiweyo kwaye lihambelana neziganeko zemeteorological.
• Imitha yelanga: Ichaphazela ubushushu bengingqi kunye nemozulu.
• Isantya somoya kunye nendlela: Zichaphazela ukuthuthwa kobushushu kunye nokufuma kwi-atmosfera.
• Iindidi zamafu: Bangabonisa iimeko zemozulu kwixesha elizayo.
• Ukushukuma kweegesi ezinkulu: Njengezaqhwithi, ezinokuba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo.
• Ubungakanani bamanzi awileyo: Kubalulekile kulimo nolawulo lobutyebi bamanzi.
• Ubushushu bamanzi olwandle: Ichaphazela imozulu kwimimandla eselunxwemeni kwaye inokuphembelela iziganeko ezifana ne-El Niño.

Omnye Isikhululo sezulu Yenziwe ngezixhobo ezikwaziyo ukulinganisa, ukurekhoda kunye nokwabelana uninzi lwezi zinto. Okwangoku, uthungelwano lwezikhululo zemozulu zenziwe ngentsebenziswano yamaziko ahlukeneyo kumazwe amaninzi, ukudala Iimodeli zemozulu iinkcukacha eziphezulu. Oku kuvumela ukuba uqikelelo lwemozulu ilungelelaniswe nemizuzu, njengoko kunjalo eUnited States, apho kukho inani elikhulu lezikhululo emhlabeni, kwiinqwelomoya, iinqanawa kunye ne-buoys yolwandle.

En meteorologíaenred Sizama ukucacisa indlela osebenza ngayo umoya ojikeleze umhlaba kwaye sabelane ngeenyani ezinomdla nezinomdla malunga nawo.

Ukubaluleka kweMeteorology kuBomi bemihla ngemihla

Imozulu inempembelelo enkulu kubomi bethu. Eminye yemimandla exhamlayo kwimeteorology ibandakanya:

• Uqikelelo lweMozulu: Bakuvumela ukuba ucwangcise imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, uhambo, iminyhadala yangaphandle kunye nokunye. Uqikelelo lwemozulu oluchanekileyo lubalulekile ukuze wenze izigqibo ezizizo. Ngokomzekelo, ukwazi imvelaphi yobushushu behlabathi inokunceda ukuqonda ngcono imozulu yangoku.
• Ukulima: Abalimi baxhomekeke kwimozulu ukuze babone ixesha lokutyala, ukuvuna nokunkcenkceshela. Iimeko zemozulu zinokuchaphazela kakhulu imveliso yokutya. I izityalo ezizinzileyo zibalulekile kulo mongo.
• Ukuhamba: Bobabini oomatiloshe kunye nabaqhubi beenqwelomoya bafuna uqikelelo lwemozulu ukuze bahambe ngokukhuselekileyo. Iimeko zemozulu zinokuchaphazela ukhuseleko emoyeni naselwandle.
• UNciphiso lweNtlekele: Ukukwazi ukuqikelela imozulu embi njengeenkanyamba, izaqhwithi, nezikhukula kubalulekile kukhuseleko loluntu. Izilumkiso kwangethuba zinokusindisa ubomi zize zinciphise imiphumo yeentlekele zemvelo.
• Imo iyatshintsha: IMeteorology ikwadlala indima ephambili ekuqondeni nasekufundeni utshintsho lwexesha elide lwemozulu. Izazi ngemozulu ziqokelela iinkcukacha malunga neepateni zemozulu neentsingiselo ezibalulekileyo ekuhlalutyweni nasekuthathweni kwezigqibo malunga nendlela ukulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nendlela uluntu lusebenzela ukunqanda utshintsho lwemozulu.

Isebenza njani iMeteorology

IMeteorology isekelwe kwi ukuqokelelwa kwedatha ye-atmospheric kunye nohlalutyo lwayo ukuxela kwangaphambili indlela yokuziphatha kwe-atmosfera kwixesha elizayo. Iingcali zemozulu zisebenzisa izixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe obufana nezikhululo zemozulu, irada, iisathelayithi, kunye neebhaluni zemozulu ukuqokelela ulwazi lwexesha lokwenyani.

Nje ukuba idatha iqokelelwe, ifakwe kwiimodeli zemathematika eziphambili ezilinganisa amandla omoya. Ezi modeli zithathela ingqalelo izinto ezinje ngemitha yelanga, ukujikeleza kwe-atmospheric, kunye nokusebenzisana kobuninzi bomoya. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ixesha lihamba, ukuchaneka koqikelelo kuncipha ngenxa yobunzima beenkqubo ze-atmospheric. Ukuqonda ngcono oku kuhlukahluka, unokubonisana malunga ukuhluka kwemini yobushushu.

Izixhobo zokujonga iNkanyamba zibalulekile ukulindela iziganeko ezigqithisileyo.

Iziganeko ezibalulekileyo zeMeteorological

Kwi-meteorology, izinto ezahlukeneyo zomoya ezibaluleke kakhulu ziyafundwa:

1. Imozulu: Ibhekisa kumndilili weemeko zemozulu kwindawo kwisithuba esithe kratya, kwaye ibalulekile kucwangciso lwedolophu, ezolimo, kunye nolawulo lwemithombo yendalo. Namhlanje, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba njani Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuchaphazela iintlobo zezityalo ezikwiitropikhi.
2. Imo iyatshintsha: Inegalelo ekuqondweni kokutshintsha kwemozulu yexesha elide, ivumela izazinzulu ukuba zihlalutye ifuthe lokugxilwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse kunye nokuba oku kukuchaphazela njani ukufudumala kwehlabathi.
3. Imozulu embi kakhulu: Ukuxela kwangaphambili kunye nokulungiselela iziganeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu, ezifana neziphepho, iinkanyamba, izikhukhula, kunye nesomiso, zibalulekile ekunciphiseni umonakalo kunye nokukhusela uluntu.

Iingcali zemozulu zisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokufunda ezi ziganeko. I Iisathelayithi zemozulu kunye iiradar Zibalulekile ekujongeni nasekubekeni iliso kwiinkqubo zemozulu kwangexesha lokwenyani, zivumela uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha noluchanekileyo.

Izixhobo kunye neTekhnoloji kwiMeteorology

Uphuhliso lobuchwephesha luye lwayiguqula indlela yokufunda ngemozulu. I izixhobo zemozulu zibalulekile ekuqokeleleni iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo. Ezinye zezona zibalulekileyo ziquka:

• Anemometers: Bakala isantya somoya.
• Imilinganiselo yokulinganisa: Balinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric.
• Iimitha zobushushu: Balinganisa ubushushu bomoya.
• Iigeyiji zemvula: Balinganisa ubungakanani bemvula.
• IiHygrometers: Balinganisa ukufuma.
• Iimpawu zemozulu: Zibonisa icala oya ngakulo umoya.

Ukongeza, iisathelayithi zemeteorology zibonelele ngembono ebanzi yenkqubo yemozulu yomhlaba. Ezi zixhobo azigcini nje ngokubeka iliso kwimozulu, kodwa zibhala ezinye izinto ezinjengongcoliseko nemisinga yolwandle. Kulo mongo, umahluko wemeteorology ubalulekile, kwaye unokufunda malunga umahluko phakathi kwemeteorology kunye neklimatology.

I-Meteorology iye yahambela phambili kakhulu ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, xa impucuko yayiqaphela Imozulu yemozulu kwezolimo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i uqwalaselo lwamava Iguqulelwe kwisayensi ngenxa yophuhliso lwezixhobo zanamhlanje kunye nobuchwepheshe.

Ukutshintsha kweMozulu kunye neMeteorology

Uphononongo oluqhubekayo lwemeteorology lubalulekile ukuqonda kunye nokunciphisa iziphumo ze kutshintsha kwe mozulu. Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nomzekelo wemozulu kwenza kube lula ukulindela utshintsho kwimozulu yengingqi kunye neempembelelo zabo ezinokubakho kwindalo kunye noluntu. Ngokunyuka kwe amaqondo obushushu ehlabathi kunye nokuguquguquka kwemozulu, ukukwazi qikelela iziganeko ezigqithisileyo ibalulekile ekusindiseni ubomi nasekunciphiseni umonakalo kwezoqoqosho. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kutheni ISpain ayijongani nokutshintsha kwemozulu.

Njengoko imingeni enzima yehlabathi, efana nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ijongene, ukubaluleka kwale nzululwazi iyaqhubeka ikhula, ibonisa ukubaluleka kwayo ekuguquleni nasekuphenduleni utshintsho lwendalo. Oku kubonakala kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo, njenge I-Kiribati, i-archipelago enokunyamalala ngaphambi kwe-2100.

I-Meteorology, kumbindi wayo, yinzululwazi ebalulekileyo echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izigqibo zethu zemihla ngemihla. Ukususela ekucwangciseni ipikniki ukuya kulawulo intlekele yendalo, isinika ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze senze izigqibo ezizizo.